4D Fetal Echocardiography

Author(s): Dario Paladini and Gabriella Sglavo

DOI: 10.2174/978160805044411001010135

Conotruncal Anomalies

Pp: 135-146 (12)

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Abstract

SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.

Abstract

In the chapter, the 2D, color Doppler and 4D features of major conotruncal abnormalities will be described. In particular, the echocardiographic views on which the various lesions are detected will be described. In addition, the role of color Doppler in the recognition of valve stenosis or insufficiency will be illustrated. Finally, the diagnostic role of 4D echocardiography will be described, only in those cases in which it has additional clinical value. Videos of major diagnostic features are also provided, to facilitate the understanding of the text.

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