Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
Any change in the physical world is consequent to a net force levelling down available energy. Different features of a system, or process, can determine on which properties of the system the levelling force eventually operates. Examples are the equilibration of the pressure of a gas, of the temperature of bodies, of the concentration of solutions, of the position of a body with respect to a fluid in the presence of a gravitational field, and so on. All these phenomena occur because of the levelling force and are associated with an entropy increase. The entropy increase can be calculated through specific relationships.
Keywords:
Accessible microstates, Chemical potential, Colligative properties, Conjugate pairs, Equal multiplicity, Extensive variables, Fundamental equation, Intensive state functions, Lost work, Multiset permutations, Overall entropy increase, Particles concentration, Reversible change, Saturation, Spontaneous transfer, Standard conditions.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books