Abstract

Down syndrome (DS) Children are more liable for frequent sedation and anesthesia either for imaging procedure or for surgical intervention. They have many risk factors that increase the anesthesia related complications. These risk factors include cardiac, esophageal, gastrointestinal or urinary tracts, eyes, ears, and joints anomalies. There is also an increased risk of infection due to immune deficiency. Proper preoperative, operative and post operative management are mandatory to decrease the anesthesia-related complications. In this chapter; these co morbidities and the factors that increase the risk of complications during anesthesia will be addressed, as well as pre-operative, intraoperative and post-operative management will be discussed.