Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
This chapter analyses the impact sources that consume resources indirectly, that is, the impact is caused not by the source, but by its components. For this study, we focus on two of these components: manpower and material consumption, both of great importance in the EF calculation.
First, the manpower consumption is studied by focusing on the most determinant aspects of its impact: food and mobility. The transformation of these consumptions into EF values is performed by previously documented processes which are adapted to the specific characteristics of the building sector. Second, the EF associated to the consumption of construction materials is evaluated during the building execution process; which takes into account the energy consumption deriving from the manufacture, transport and installation of each of the materials used in the construction of buildings.
Keywords:
Absorption factor, Construction materials, Conversion factors, Dwelling construction, Ecological footprint, Electricity, Embodied energy, Emission factor, Forest productivity, Fuel productivity factor, Manpower, Mobility, Natural productivity, Productive land, Water consumption.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books