Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) causes a highly contagious infection, chicken pox and has the capacity to cause latent persistent infection of the dorsal root ganglia. The latent virus can reemerge inducing painful blistering of the skin called herpes zoster or shingles. Worldwide varicella immunization with an attenuated OKA/Merck VZV considerably reduced the incidence of the disease but did not prevent latency. Introduction of a second dose of the vaccine and the vaccine for people over 50, Zostavax, consisting of a much larger dose of the same vaccine virus, reduced the incidence of chicken pox but did not prevent latency and reemergence of the virus as herpes zoster. This review provides an overview of the structure of the virus, mechanism of infection and known evasion mechanisms that VZV uses to establish latency and persistence.
Keywords:
Varicella-Zoster, VZV, Herpesviridae, Aplhaherpesviridae, Chicken pox, dorsal root ganglia, cranial root ganglia, Varicella vaccine, Viral vaccine, Varivax, Zostavax, Vaccination, Virus disease, Herpesvirus 3, Herpes zoster, HSV, Shingles, Immunogenicity
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Authors:Bentham Science Books