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SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
Bacillus anthracis, the causative organism of anthrax is a member of the B. cereus group of bacilli. The stained organism exhibits a unique and characteristic “Boxcar” appearance microscopically. The three forms of anthrax: (1) cutaneous, (2) inhalation, and (3) gastrointestinal are presented with clinical details. The bacteriology of B. anthracis is presented in terms of its minimal diagnostic characteristics, cultivation, colony appearance, along with the use of diagnostic bacteriophage. All of the major outer structural components of B. anthracis (capsule, cell wall, S layer) are pictorially illustrated and discussed. The extracellular enzymes such as hemolysins and phospholipases, in addition to the intracellular superoxide dismutases that presumably influence virulence are presented in detail. Studies on the long-term persistence of B. anthracis spores in soil are described along with stability of the 2 major virulence determining plasmids.
Keywords:
Cutaneous anthrax, inhalation anthrax, gastrointestinal anthrax, bacteriology, morphology, cell wall, Capsule, S-layer, boxcar shape, clinical aspects, subclinical infections, cultivation, selective media, hemolysins, phospholipases, superoxide dismutases, γ bacteriophage, Immunoassays, Rhizosphere, Soil.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books