Preclinical Atherosclerosis, Global Cardiovascular Risk and Cardiovascular Events

Author(s): S. Novo, G.R. Amoroso, F. Bonura, P. Carità, E. Corrado and G. Novo

DOI: 10.2174/978160805221911201010007

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Risk Factors and Atherosclerotic Disease

Pp: 7-21 (15)

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Abstract

SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.

Abstract

In healthy subjects, the Risk Factors (RF) are conditions linked casually to atherosclerosis. They are related in a logarithmic way to the occurrence of CVE. The atherosclerotic RF can be divided into traditional and emerging. The traditional and “modifiable” RF include: dislipidemia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, obesity, sedentary, stress, alcohol and diet. Diabetes mellitus is currently considered a “CHD equivalent”. The emerging RF (studied only for a few years) include: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) (that is characterized by the presence of various metabolic disorders at the same time in the same subject), biohumoral markers of systemic inflammation, microalbuminuria and LP (a).

Keywords:

Dislipidemia, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, lifestyle, obesity, stress, alcohol. Family history, aging, gender. Metabolic syndrome, inflammation, homocysteine, microalbuminuria, lipoprotein (a), infections.

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