Abstract

The problem of observer and system of reference in physics is considered as well as an object-object and an object-subject approach to a physical description of reality. The evolutionarily formed methods underlying data processing of the first signal system and the algorithms for assemblage of sensations into object concepts and representation of reality in a space-time continuum are discussed. The methods for constructing a mental space as a tool for sign-based description of reality during information exchange are considered. The problems in understanding the quantum phenomena as the reality not subject to an object-based description are briefed, and the need in a system and integral concept as a concept adequate to reality is substantiated. The principles underlying the operation of a quantum computer, its distinctions from a classical computer, and the difficulties in presentation of the issues in question using an object-based language are discussed.