Abstract

Energy crises resulting from the depletion of petroleum resources, hikes in the price of fossil fuel, and unpredictable climate change are some of the recent concerns that have provoked serious research on alternative energy sources that would be sustainable. This book chapter reviews how sustainable bioenergy production through microbes using feedstocks can provide clean and green energy that can consequently facilitate ecosystem restoration. Feedstocks are pivotal to this biotechnological process. Microbes are also equally very vital. Therefore, changing from fossil fuel to bioenergy resource options is essential. Energy transition can, therefore, create emerging opportunities in bioenergy rendering and bioeconomy that will result in the possible use of clean and green energy. In this regard, biofuels are a straightforward substitute for fossil fuels. Renewable feedstocks are suitable ingredients that sustainably produce biofuels using microbial-based bioconversion processes. Microorganisms can massively secrete industrially important enzymes capable of degrading long-chained biopolymers into short-chained monomeric sugars and fermenting them into energy-dense biomolecules. Microbes play a crucial role in the sustainable generation of biofuels and bioenergy. Bioenergy research is, therefore, crucial for a nation's economic stability and energy security. Additionally, reducing greenhouse gas emissions while promoting the use of renewable energies and the creation of livelihoods aids in the worldwide effort. Anthropogenic activities are highly reduced, thereby enhancing ecosystem restoration.