Abstract

The world witnessed the outbreak of the most dreadful zoonotic infection, COVID-19, by the last month of 2019. The prompt dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 by intermediate hosts in the human community paved the way for the WHO declaration of a pandemic in 2020. In patients, the severity of this infection ranges from asymptomatic to critical state, leading to complications like acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The different diagnostics investigated the rapid spread and complexity of the disease. The omics and sequencing technologies helped to identify the virus's structure and potential targets for drug discovery against the virus. Different therapeutic agents like antivirals, antibiotics, etc., are administered to reduce the infection. The various treatment options discussed in this chapter include different types of drugs and their combinational therapies, monoclonal antibodies, immune modulating treatments, promising vaccine developments, CRISPR-Cas13 therapy, experimental therapeutic interventions, non-pharmacological interventions, etc. This study also concentrates on the various challenges these clinical medications have faced. By rectifying each challenge, new beneficial treatments can be made possible with the fewest side effects.