Abstract

Perovskite (Calcium titanium oxide)was discovered in 1839 by Alekseevich Perovski, a Russian mineralogist. Perovskites are materials with the same structure as calcium titanium oxide (CaTiO3 ) mineral or you can say that all the materials with the same structure as CaTiO3 are perovskites. The basic structure of perovskite is ABX3 , where the A-site is generally occupied by large twelve coordinated cations and B by smaller, octahedrally coordinated cations, and X is a common anion, for instance, Oxygen. A cation is divalent and B is tetravalent cation. Tilting of BO6 octahedra through B-O-B linkage results in rhombohedral, orthorhombic and tetragonal structures. The structure of perovskites can be modified by doping and altering synthesis techniques, such as by changing pH value, calcination temperature, and calefactive velocity. Perovskite materials have a wide range of applications in different fields, such as solar cells, photodetectors, sensors, water purification, etc.