Abstract
Fabrication of off-the-shelf small diameter vascular graft as an alternative to
current autologous graft in clinical setting i.e., internal mammary artery and saphenous
veins has yet to be perfected. With cardiovascular diseases (CVD) topping the list of
the causes of death worldwide, alternative vascular graft is especially crucial in patients
with a lack of autologous grafts. Successful re-vascularisation could substantially lower
the progression of CVD and mortality rate. This chapter delves into cells that are vital
in developing a tissue engineered vascular graft (TEVG), ranging from the native tissue
on the vascular bed to the potential cells that could be utilized, compounds that
possibly could improve the available grafts and stents and future TEVG design.