Abstract
Electromagnetic radiation is a form of energy that comprises electric and
magnetic waves. It propagates in free space and contains neither mass nor charge but
carries energy as a photon packet. The energy associated with electromagnetic
radiation is directly proportional to the frequency from extremely low frequencies to
visible light and above. The highly low-frequency electromagnetic field is generated by
the electrical devices and power systems, while the radio and microwave signal radiates
by the mobile tower, microwave oven, heater, radar, etc. The extremely high-frequency
radiation emitted from medical devices, radioactive decay, nuclear weapons, etc.
Therefore, environmental exposure to electromagnetic radiation increases gradually
due to increasing electricity demands, advanced technologies, mobile communications,
etc. However, exposure to electromagnetic radiation has an adverse biological effect
depending on the current intensity, strength of the magnetic field, and duration of
exposure. This book chapter introduces electrostatics and magneto-statics, the
formation of electromagnetic fields and waves, frequency spectrum, source of
radiations, and their exposure limits.