Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
The scarcity of water has motivated diverse research efforts toward developing efficient techniques for the treatment of wastewater for its reuse. The applications of conventional wastewater treatment technologies, such as chemical precipitation, ion exchange, flotation, flocculation and coagulation, membrane filtration, etc., have been identified with diverse limitations. The commonest of them include high investment and operational costs, the formation of toxic by-products and sludge generation. Ionic liquids (ILs) have been used in numerous analytical and industrial extraction processes; however, their potential in the treatment of wastewater is yet to be fully exploited. This chapter, therefore, explores the applications of various ILs in wastewater treatment and proposes their versatility in the deployment of effective, selective, and rapid extraction processes for the removal of diverse water pollutants. However, the application of technologies based on the use of ILs possesses various challenges, which include a choice of an appropriate ionic liquid, high testing requirement for private applications, disposal, the regeneration process of ILs, scalingup of the whole removal of pollutants, and technological applications.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books