Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
A brief introduction to radioisotopes, radiation sources, types of radiation,
their applications, effects and occupational protection has been presented in this
chapter. The sources of radiation (whether natural or artificial) have been discussed.
However, special emphasis has been given to natural radioactive decay series and
artificial radioisotopes. Applications of ionizing radiations have significantly improved
the quality of human life. The contribution and application of radioisotopes in various
spheres of life, viz. tracing, radiography, food preservation and sterilization, eradication
of insects and pests, medical diagnosis and therapy and new varieties of crops in the
agricultural field, have been presented briefly. In this chapter, we have first discussed
the natural origin of radioactivity and the production of radioactive elements in neutron
and charged-particle streams, then exchanged the data and facts to see how high-energy
particles lose energy during their interaction with matter. Finally, fossil radioactivity,
artificial radioactivity, applications of radioactivity in medicinal and pharmaceutical
extent, and nuclear dating followed by some wide-range applications of radioactivity
have been discussed.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books