Abstract
An atom's nucleus comprises neutrons and protons, which in turn are the
appearance of more fundamental particles, called quarks, that are seized in a
relationship by the strong nuclear force in certain stable arrangements of hadrons,
called baryons. The strong nuclear force encompasses far enough from each baryon to
drag the neutrons and protons together beside the repulsive electrical force between the
positively charged protons. The present chapter deals with investigating and correlating
key features of the nuclear structure and its properties as understanding the structure of
the atomic nucleus is one of the central challenges in nuclear physics. The line of
understanding in this chapter is subjected to the structure of nuclei, atomic models,
Rutherford model of the atom, nuclear composition, nuclear properties, determination
of mass and determination of the charge.