Abstract

Graphene has several features, such as charge mobility, high conductivity, and a large specific surface area with a two-dimensional structure. It also has exceptional electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Graphene has exceptional mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, which are responsible for the development of efficient graphene-based catalysts for selective organic synthesis. This chapter recapitulates the various applications of graphene-based catalysts in oxidation and reduction reactions. It gives a complete overview of graphene, reduced graphene oxide, functionalized graphene oxide, N-doped graphene oxide, and their catalytic applications in various oxidation and reduction reactions. The previous studies reveal that metal-free GO has many catalytic applications. Owing to its high surface area, graphene oxide has a high adsorption tendency for hydrocarbons, gases, and ions.When reacting with oxygenating functionalities, GO provides several paths for introducing and modifying various functional groups. The large potential is employed for the use of metal-free carbon catalysts to resolve the industrial problems arising from traditional catalysts. Since graphene/GO catalysts are synthesized from environmental-friendly material, their applications in green synthesis should be discovered vigorously. The graphene-based catalysts have several applications. They allow only selective, mild, and highly effective transformations and undergo the synthesis and synthesis in an easy, recyclable, regenerable, and environmentally friendly manner.