Toll-Like Receptors in Vector-borne Diseases

Author(s): Jayalakshmi Krishnan * .

DOI: 10.2174/9789815124545123010011

Japanese Encephalitis and Toll-like Receptors

Pp: 65-72 (8)

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* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.

Abstract

Viral encephalitis is a major pathological situation. It can be caused either by DNA or RNA viruses. Japanese encephalitis belongs to the member of flavivirus and it is a mosquito-borne disease, causing viral disease. Japanese encephalitis can be prevented by a vaccine. TLR3 and TLR4 signal pathways are activated due to JE Japanese encephalitis infection. TLR3 and Retinoic acid-inducible I also participate in mediating inflammation owing to Japanese encephalitis infection. In this kind of virus infection first, the cells are infected, causing primary viremia, subsequently infecting the CNS tissues as well. More than 60% of the world's population is living in JE endemic places. 

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