Abstract

Cancer is responsible for millions of deaths worldwide yearly. Many miles have been crossed towards the treatment of this deadly disease, however, there are still many more to explore about the occurrence, consequences, and, specifically, the accurate therapy to win over this deadly disease. Complex areas like cancer initiation, pathogenesis and the progression of cancer in the human body should be explored with better understanding to discover specific treatments against it. Currently, cancer treatments include radiation therapy, targeted therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and some existing symptomatic treatments. However, the specific treatments of cancer are still a big puzzle to solve. The challenges faced in the treatment of cancer are mainly the heterogenicity of some cancers, drug resistance, late diagnosis, few treatment advances for early-stage cancer, non-selectivity of drugs towards cancer cells leading to side effects, and many more, which are still in the dark. Exploring the solution to this challenge, we need to understand the disease in totality, and understand the existing lacunas of the existing treatments too. Thus, in this chapter, we have discussed the current challenges faced in cancer therapy, followed by the future perspectives in the treatment of a wide variety of cancer.