Abstract

Nanotechnology deals with materials that are 1–100 nm in size. Nanomaterials are prepared in different ways such as physical, chemical, and biological methods. They exhibit fascinating features that allow them to perform numerous physiological tasks. They have higher surface area to volume ratios and show typical nanoscale quantum confinement characteristics. They play a critical role in biomedical research. They're quite versatile and used in a variety of medical applications. The demand for nanomedicine drugs with improved performance and reduced toxicity has been steadily increasing in recent years. Nanomedicine is the new area of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Pharmaceutical nanosystems are classified, synthesized, and characterized using procedures based on their size, shape, and functionality. This book chapter focuses on recent trends of nanomedicine technology in pharmacology, particularly on the application of nanomaterials in medicine. Antibacterial characteristics, multicolor medical imaging, disease diagnostics, medication administration, vaccines and biomolecules (peptides, proteins, and genes), therapies, cancer treatment, tissue engineering, and clinical aspects are discussed. Advancements in nanomedicine technology will not only aid in the early diagnosis of infectious and viral disorders, but also in the treatment of infections such as Alzheimer's disease, tuberculosis, and Parkinson's disease. The benefits and constraints of commercializing nanomedicine technology products for pharmacology applications, as well as the hazards and obstacles in developing nanomaterials for medical research are highlighted in this chapter.