Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
This chapter provides the reader with the background necessary to
understanding the phenomenological perspective as it will be applied to artificial
intelligence in the chapters that follow. In doing so, we explain phenomenology’s
approach to empirical facts and logical reasoning, among other topics. We explain the
key importance of awareness as a starting point for phenomenological understanding,
as well as the key role that the “thing” plays in this philosophy. The importance of
language to awareness is described, and the concept of signification is addressed in
relation to the creation of meaning. This brings the discussion around the importance of
applying a concept of embodiment as well as that of the linguistic field. The chapter
concludes with a brief discussion of how these concepts relate to the theme of artificial
intelligence and its relationship to the lived world.
Keywords:
Awareness, Empiricism, Linguistic Fields, Meaning, Phenomenology, Signification, Thing
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Authors:Bentham Science Books