Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
In the oil industry, in general, and in Mexico, in particular, the use of heavy
crudes in the refining process has increased considerably. The processing of these
heavy crudes implies an important technological challenge, and their transportation can
sometimes be complicated. Among the alternatives for transporting this type of crude is
the formation of invert emulsions in which ILs can play an important role, which is
discussed in this chapter.
Keywords:
Ionic liquids, Heavy-oil, Extra heavy-oil, Asphaltenes, Resins, API, Viscosity, Demulsifiers, Surfactants
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Authors:Bentham Science Books