Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
This book chapter introduces the based nanocatalysts-based electrochemical
sensors for the detection of heavy metal ions (HMIs) from their different sources. A
serious challenge in the field of detection of HMIs is the innovation of simple and fast
electrochemical sensor techniques with the potential ability to detect at low
concentrations. The electrochemical sensors for the assay of heavy metal ions were
designed and developed by many researchers in the past. To achieve repeatability,
reproducibility, and stability, the fabrication of electrodes for electrochemical sensing
applications has been given much emphasis in recent days. The selectivity of the
modified electrode towards the detection of transition metal ions (Cd2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Fe2+,
Mn2+, Ni2+, and Ag+) was investigated by many researchers and was discussed in this
chapter. In addition, the applications of 3 dimensional (3-D) nanomaterials and
functionalized nanomaterials of metal and metal oxides supported on graphene,
graphene oxide, and carbon nanotubes as nanocatalysts have been presented in this
chapter. The modified and functionalized electrodes are anticipated to play a decent
role in the latest electrochemical sensing of HMIs to demonstrate quantum confinement
effects.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books