Abstract
Catalysis is one of the fundamental principles of the twelve principles of
“Green Chemistry”. Over the past few years, nanocatalysis has emerged as a growing
field of catalysis in the construction, food, medical, pharmaceutical, energy, and water
treatment sectors due to its high activity, selectivity, and productivity. Nanoparticles
are different from their bulk counterparts and exhibit unique properties as compared to
traditional catalysts, for example, simple and cheap approaches of production, good
selectivity, high surface to volume ratio, high catalytic activity, ease of recovery, the
possibility of being reused, enhanced mixing with reactants, easy separation, and
presence of a large number of active sites. The nanoscale size (1nm = 10-9 m), shape,
and remarkably large surface area to volume ratio impart inimitable properties to
nanoparticles. This chapter presents the principles and concepts of nanocatalysis and
discusses the inimitable structure and catalytic properties of monometallic
nanoparticles and bimetallic nanomaterials, magnetic nanoparticles, nanocomposites,
carbon-based nanomaterials, and nanophotocatalysts in various organic
transformations.
Keywords: Bimetallic NPs, Carbon-based nanomaterials, Green chemistry, Magnetic NPs, Monometallic NPs, Nanocatalysis, Nanocomposites, Nanophotocatalysts.
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