Abstract

Immunoinformatics is currently an emerging field that has accelerated immunological research to a great extent. It is playing a significant role in antigen identification, immunodiagnostic development, and vaccine design. The arrival of genome sequencing with recent advancements in immunoinformatics has provided a lot of data that can be annotated using databases and tools to reduce the cost required for antibody and vaccine development, ultimately saving time, cost, and resources. The selection and identification of immunogenic regions from the pathogen genomes by computational methods play an important role in devising new hypotheses by a comprehensive examination of immunologic data composite, which is otherwise impossible to achieve by using traditional methods alone. Presently, many epitopebased vaccines, especially multi-epitope vaccines designed employing immunoinformatics approaches, are successfully trailed and being developed against pathogens. In this chapter, we provide an outline of the recent progress in the field of vaccinology and immunoinformatics, enlisted recent tools and databases available for epitopes prediction, validation, and vaccine design, and give a brief description of the role of immunoinformatics in vaccine design against recent COVID-19.