Biomarkers and Applications in Alzheimer’s Disease

In this chapter, we will review some methods and platforms related to the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The global prevalence of dementia and AD shows the urgent requirement of effective treatment, where an accurate and early diagnosis plays an important role. Apart from cognitive diagnosis that clarifies the cognitive deterioration of AD, abundant clinical studies have consistently recognised the core neuropathological features and related fluid biomarkers as utile indicators for the diagnosis and prognosis of AD and its preclinical stages. In order to enhance the accuracy of detecting these biomarkers, convinced methods and platforms are essential. Here, we summarised associated platforms, including imaging platforms (e.g., positron emission tomography (PET) and structural imaging), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation – time of flight – mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

Keywords: Amyloid-β (Aβ), Alzheimer’s Disease, Biomedical Modelling, Biomarker, Cerebroporomehcaincs, Dementia, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA), Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation – Time of Flight – Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), MultipleNetwork Poroelastic Theory (MPET), Tau, Neuroimaging, Virtual Physiological Human (VPH).