Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
This chapter is a comprehensive account of the medicinal chemistry of drugs affecting the cholinergic system. It provides the mechanism of drug action and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the cholinergic and related drugs. After a study of this chapter, students will be able to:
• Relate principles of acetylcholine (ACh) discovery, biosynthesis, storage, transport, and metabolism.
• Describe the effects of agonism and antagonism of cholinergic receptors and modulation of ACh levels at the synapse.
• Describe cholinergic biochemistry and neurochemical interactions. • Compare muscarinic and nicotinic receptor subtypes.
• Illustrate the mechanism of action, structure-activity relationship (SAR), metabolites, and clinical considerations of:
▪ muscarinic receptor agonists
▪ muscarinic receptor antagonists (anticholinergics)
▪ acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors
o reversible
o quasi-irreversible
o antidotes for irreversible inhibitors
▪ neuromuscular blocking agents
Keywords:
Acetylcholine, Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, Anticholinergics, Alzheimer`s Disease, Muscarinic agonists, Neuromuscular Blocking Agents, Structure-activity relationship.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books