Abstract

Dilated cardiomyopathy is a heart muscle disease that occurs due to dilation and dysfunction of ventricles. The proper understanding of etiology, pathogenesis can help with determining better therapeutic options for the management of disease complications. The various types of cardiomyopathy include restrictive cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Diabetes mellitus, genetic conditions, high blood pressure, heart attack, palpitations, heart valve defects, and pregnancy, smoking, alcohol, and connective tissue disorders are well known risk factors for the development of cardiomyopathy. The clinical manifestations of cardiomyopathy include palpitations, dizziness, headache, chest pain, shortness of breath and edema. The electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, echocardiogram, treadmill test, coronary angiogram test can determine the cardiovascular risk. The clinical management of cardiomyopathy with the prescribing pattern of beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, diuretics, digoxin, angiotensin II receptor blockers, anti-platelet medications can minimize the development of cardiomyopathy complications.