Enzyme Inhibition Applications in Treatment of Human Viral Diseases

Enzyme inhibitor molecules are used for the development of antiviral drugs. Understanding the mechanisms of enzyme inhibitors are needed for the treatment of HIV, Chikungunya, Dengue, Ebola, Influenza, and Nipah viral diseases. Inhibition of viral entry and its replication in the host cell was the most prominent mode of action against these viruses. In this chapter, the detailed list of plant compounds to be used as drugs for the treatment of above viral diseases through targeting of enzymes, reverse transcriptase, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is explained. Recent advancements such as emerging technologies, Next Generation Sequencing, and CRISPR used as an effective approach for the diagnosis, treatment, and alleviation of viral disease progression, are explained.

Keywords: Antiviral drugs, CRISPR, Enzyme inhibitors, Next Generation Sequencing, Reverse transcriptase, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.