Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
In 1954, the first coherent fiberoptic bundle capable of transmitting an image was built, and in 1958, the first flexible fibergastroscope prototype. In 1967, Murphy introduced the technique of tracheal intubation by a coledoscope, through which he slid a 7.5 mm endotracheal tube (ETT) into the nasopharynx, visualizing only the entrance to the larynx because it was too short to guide the ETT. In 1968, the first fiberoptic bronchoscope (FBO) was constructed and, later, 60 cm. insertion cords appeared. In 1972, a series of 100 intubations with FBO was published with 96% success. Following the publication of the ASA airway management guidelines of 1993, the use of FBO increased considerably, becoming the gold standard for Difficult Airway (DA).
Keywords:
Airway management, aScope, Bronchoscopes, Cricothyroid Membrane, Difficult airway, Fibro-bronchoscopes, Intubation, Intratracheal, Laryngoscopy, Predictors, Tracheostomy, Videolaryngoscope.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books