Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
The diagnosis of heart failure in children remains challenging. It precipitates changes in circulatory abnormalities, multiple cellular processes and neuro-hormonal status. Many cases are due to congenital disorders .Clinical picture in children ranges from being asymptomatic to having severe life-threatening symptoms. Ross classification was originally developed to determine the presence and severity of heart failure in infants and younger children. Non-invasive imaging studies are necessary in order to make the diagnosis of heart failure in children. Management ranges from medical, interventional to surgical procedures. Heart transplantation remains an acceptable treatment for children with end-stage heart failure.
Keywords:
Cardiomyopathy, Congenital Heart, Echocardiography, Heart Transplantation, Heart Failure, Inotropes, Mechanical Circulatory Support, Pulmonary Blood Flow, Ross Classification.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books