Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading neurological cause of dementia of advanced predominance worldwide. The pathogenic mechanisms may concern accumulations of beta amyloid and tau protein, inflammatory pathways, altered oxidative metabolism and responses to oxidative stress. The currently available therapeutic options for AD have limited efficacy. Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) may represent a chance in order to ameliorate cognitive performances modifying cortical and hippocampal circuits. Fornix and Nucleus basalis of Meynert are the most promising targets in terms of delaying and reversing the cognitive impairment; other targets like entorhinal cortex/hippocampus, pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus, anterior thalamic nucleus are under investigation with some success. The mechanism of action and stimulation parameters remain unclear.
Keywords:
Alzheimer’s disease, Brain neuromodulation, Deep Brain Stimulation, Fornix, Hippocampus, Nucleus basalis of Meynert.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books