Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
From a macroscopic point of view, human bone appears in two forms. The most obvious difference between these two types of bone is their volume fraction of solids or relative densities. The term cortical or compact is used to categorize bone with a volume fraction of solids greater than 70 percent. On the other hand, bone with a volume fraction of solids less than 70 percent is referred to as cancellous or trabecular. Typically, most bones within the human body possess both types: a core of spongy cancellous bone is surrounded by an outer shell composed of a dense compact bone. The constitutive properties of cancellous bone are of vital importance as it is this bone that is in direct contact with the implant or prosthesis.
Keywords:
Cortical bone, Cancellous bone, Density, Elastic modulus, Mechanical properties, Nanoindentation, Physical properties, Ultrasonic testing.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books