Abstract
SHS investigation development is considered from the geographical and historical viewpoint. 3 stages are described. Within Stage 1 the work was carried out in the Department of the Institute of Chemical Physics in Chernogolovka where the scientific discovery had been made. At Stage 2 the interest to SHS arose in different cities and towns of the former USSR. Within Stage 3 SHS entered the international scene. Now SHS processes and products are being studied in more than 50 countries.
Abstract
The quality of steel castings depends upon how the liquid metal enters into the mould and solidifies. The technology of pouring molten steel to the ladle and then to the mould must be controlled if no defect is to be obtained. These factors must be accounted for in designing the gating system, the feeding and risering of castings. Gating system ought to control a directional solidification of each part of the casting in such a way, that no wall thickness is isolated from the feeding during the freezing time. Position and size of the riser ensure elimination of shrinkage which takes place when a molten steel changes from the liquid to solid state.
Keywords:
Bottom pour ladle, Calculation of their size, Gating systems, Positioning of risers, Pouring temperatures, Types of risers.
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Authors:Bentham Science Books