Abstract

Radial probe endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) provides real-time imaging which allows guided exploration of the airways beyond the visual reach of traditional flexible bronchoscopy. Using this technology, bronchoscopists are able to improve successful navigation of biopsy instruments to peripheral lung lesions and substantially improve diagnostic yields. Radial EBUS can also be used to evaluate anatomic structures underlying the mucosal surface, such as for guidance of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA), as well as to aid other therapeutic modalities such as the placement of fiducial markers for radiation therapy. Because of this expanded capability to identify precise targets within the lung, guided bronchoscopic navigation technologies now play a significant role in the clinical evaluation of peripheral pulmonary lesions.