Abstract
Dietary fatty acids have exerted numerous pathophysiological effects in humans. Indeed,
monounsaturated fatty acids and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are generally thought to have favorable
cardiometabolic actions via their anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic properties, while saturated
fatty acids and trans fatty acids are supposed to contribute to the development and progression
of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases by inducing dyslipidemia and obesity. However, there is
much controversy about the effects of dietary intake and supplementation of fatty acids on cardiometabolic
disorders. Therefore, in the present study, we limited the scope of this review to metaanalyses
(1) of observational studies of dietary intake of fatty acids and (2) of interventional trials
with fatty acid supplements to scrutinize the role of fatty acids in various cardiometabolic disorders.
We discuss here the clinical effects of fatty acids from dietary intake or supplements on incidence of
diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity and body weight, cardiovascular diseases and total mortality,
and also review the association of fatty acid biomarkers with these cardiometabolic disorders.
Keywords:
Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, fatty acids, meta-analysis, obesity, stroke.
Graphical Abstract
[11]
Wu, J.H.Y.; Marklund, M.; Imamura, F.; Tintle, N.; Ardisson Korat, A.V.; de Goede, J.; Zhou, X.; Yang, W.S.; de Oliveira Otto, M.C.; Kröger, J.; Qureshi, W.; Virtanen, J.K.; Bassett, J.K. Frazier- Wood, A.C.; Lankinen, M.; Murphy, R.A.; Rajaobelina, K.; Del Gobbo, L.C.; Forouhi, N.G.; Luben, R.; Khaw, K.T.; Wareham, N.; Kalsbeek, A.; Veenstra, J.; Luo, J.; Hu, F.B.; Lin, H.J.; Siscovick, D.S.; Boeing, H.; Chen, T.A.; Steffen, B.; Steffen, L.M.; Hodge, A.; Eriksdottir, G.; Smith, A.V.; Gudnason, V.; Harris, T.B.; Brouwer, I.A.; Berr, C.; Helmer, C.; Samieri, C.; Laakso, M.; Tsai, M.Y.; Giles, G.G.; Nurmi, T.; Wagenknecht, L.; Schulze, M.B.; Lemaitre, R.N.; Chien, K.L.; Soedamah-Muthu, S.S.; Geleijnse, J.M.; Sun, Q.; Harris, W.S.; Lind, L.; Ärnlöv, J.; Riserus, U.; Micha, R.; Mozaffarian, D. Omega-6 fatty acid biomarkers and incident type 2 diabetes: pooled analysis of individual-level data for 39 740 adults from 20 prospective cohort studies.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol., 2017,
5(12), 965-974.
[
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30307-8] [PMID:
29032079]
[29]
Del Gobbo, L.C.; Imamura, F.; Aslibekyan, S.; Marklund, M.; Virtanen, J.K.; Wennberg, M.; Yakoob, M.Y.; Chiuve, S.E.; Dela Cruz, L.; Frazier-Wood, A.C.; Fretts, A.M.; Guallar, E.; Matsumoto, C.; Prem, K.; Tanaka, T.; Wu, J.H.; Zhou, X.; Helmer, C.; Ingelsson, E.; Yuan, J.M.; Barberger-Gateau, P.; Campos, H.; Chaves, P.H.; Djoussé, L.; Giles, G.G.; Gómez-Aracena, J.; Hodge, A.M.; Hu, F.B.; Jansson, J.H.; Johansson, I.; Khaw, K.T.; Koh, W.P.; Lemaitre, R.N.; Lind, L.; Luben, R.N.; Rimm, E.B.; Risérus, U.; Samieri, C.; Franks, P.W.; Siscovick, D.S.; Stampfer, M.; Steffen, L.M.; Steffen, B.T.; Tsai, M.Y.; van Dam, R.M.; Voutilainen, S.; Willett, W.C.; Woodward, M.; Mozaffarian, D. ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Coronary Heart Disease: Pooling Project of 19 Cohort Studies.
JAMA Intern. Med., 2016,
176(8), 1155-1166.
[
http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.2925] [PMID:
27357102]
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