Abstract

Aims: This study documented hepatic tissue's protective activity against oxidative damage mediated experimental models of breast cancer.

Background: Gaviola has a long history of improving the protection mechanism against many diseases as an antioxidant and anticancer dietary agent.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to establish changes in hepatic profiling, antioxidants, inflammatory cytokine expression, and DMBA-induced hepatic histopathology of mammalian rats.

Methods: 7,12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA), PAHs, used orally in female Sprague Dawley rats Fifty-seven days-old with breast cancer single-dose diluted in sesame oil of 20 mg/kg/body weight. The cancer-bearing animals had 45 days gastrogavagated at 200 mg/kg/body weight with Graviola. The serum samples were taken at the end of the experiment. The rats were sacrificed to establish the hepatic protective activity of the Graviola by testing hepatic and oxidative stress markers.

Results: Graviola therapy shows that enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and lipid peroxide levels have increased efficiency and have restored the high activity of hepatic marker enzymes such as ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT. To date, hepatic expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nfe2l2) and nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (Nfkb1) mediated rats have normalized. In addition, histological observations have demonstrated that Graviola's treatment effectively protects the liver from the oxidative damage caused by DMBA, reinforcing its hepatic defensive nature.

Conclusion: Graviola therapy improves the efficiency of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and lipid peroxide levels. It also helps in the restoration of other liver enzymes.

Keywords: Breast cancer, Graviola, hepatic protection, Antioxidants, lipid peroxide levels, 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA)

Graphical Abstract