This volume is a review of recent developments, opportunities, and challenges in the conversion of biomass from different sources to biodiesel or related fuel additives. Key features of the book include fully referenced chapters edited by experts, a blend of basic and current information on biodiesel and a summary of sustainable use of biodiesel byproducts like glycerol. The volume presents a comprehensive range of 13 topics related to biodiesel production and fuel additives. It begins with a historical overview of biodiesel and related additives, followed by detailed chapters on biodiesel production from various sources such as soybean oil, palm oil, and Jatropha curcas oil. Recent advancements in catalytic thermochemical conversions of biomass into biofuels are explored, alongside discussions on algal biocrude as a feedstock. The role of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis in biodiesel production is examined, along with innovative techniques such as microwave and ultrasound-assisted synthesis. The book also presents information about the utilization of waste cooking oil and waste-derived catalysts, concluding with insights into solketal synthesis and catalytic biodiesel production via simultaneous esterification and transesterification. The book imparts the technical know-how on biodiesel and relevant fuel additives for engineering and sustainability students, professionals and apprentices. It also informs policymakers in the energy sector on the benefits of biodiesel as a renewable energy resource.

This volume covers a wide array of topics related to research, technology and sustainability for technology researchers and educators. Chapter 1 explores the detection of fake news in a distributed environment. Material science is covered in Chapter 2, which explains the influence of MOS2, B4C, and graphite on the mechanical and dry sliding wear behavior of aluminum 7075 hybrid matrix composites. Chapter 3 focuses on sensors and antennas for smart sensor networks. Chapters 4 to 8 delve into various aspects of electrical and computer engineering, including induction motor condition monitoring, automatic conversion of building plans to graphs for robot navigation, and analysis of defects in microscopic and electroluminescent images using AI and image processing algorithms. Chapters 9 to 16 cover topics such as missing data prediction techniques, breast cancer diagnosis on mammography, groundwater contamination, biofertilizers, organic farming, and remediation using organisms. Sustainable development is a key theme in Chapters 17 to 26, addressing issues like sensor-based vehicle fuel theft detection, waste management techniques, bioremediation of soil contaminated with heavy metals, sustainable agriculture practices, and novel approaches in bioplastics and nanoremediation. Finally, Chapters 27 to 29 touch upon renewable energy and Industrial IoT, discussing research challenges in renewable energy sources, recent trends, and the transformation brought about by the Industrial Internet of Things.

Multidimensional Nanomaterials for Supercapacitors: Next Generation Energy Storage explores the cutting-edge advancements in multidimensional nanomaterials for supercapacitor applications, addressing key techniques, challenges, and future prospects in the field. The book offers a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals of supercapacitors, including electrode materials, electrolytes, charge storage mechanisms, and performance metrics. Key Features Comprehensive Coverage: 15 referenced chapters cover a wide range of topics, including graphene derivatives, quantum dots, MOFs, MXenes, and fiber-shaped supercapacitors, providing a holistic view of the field. Cutting-Edge Techniques: Covers the latest advancements in multidimensional nanomaterials for supercapacitors, providing insights into their synthesis, properties, and applications. Future Applications: Chapters explore the potential future applications of nanomaterials in energy storage devices, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners. Real-World Case Studies: Practical examples and case studies illustrate the application of nanomaterials in supercapacitors, enhancing understanding and applicability. Challenges and Opportunities: Highlights the challenges and limitations associated with nanomaterial-based supercapacitors, offering information into overcoming barriers and expanding possibilities for future research.

Computational simulation and experimental techniques for nanofluid flow is a collection of studies on nanofluid modelling. It brings together eight detailed research articles that describe the latest developments in nanofluid flow experimentation and simulation. Topics covered include numerical flow simulations and applications on MHD viscous nanofluid, bioconvective nanofluid, oblique nanofluid, Casson nanofluid, hybrid nanofluid, Darcy-Forchheimer hybrid nanofluid, magneto-radiative Ag-water nanofluid, and thixotropic nanofluid. Key Features - Includes eight chapters authored by experts in fluid mechanics and numerical simulation - Showcases significant and novel attempts on computational simulation modelling for developing new mathematical models on nanofluids at the research level - Highlights current research intended to advance mathematics and other areas of science and technology - Includes references for advanced readers This publication is essential for researchers and students, academicians who are learning nanofluid flow models. Readers involved in applied research and development projects involving nanofluids will also benefit from the information (environmentalists, technicians and biomedical engineers).

This volume explores a diverse range of applications for automated machine learning and predictive analytics. The content provides use cases for machine learning in different industries such as healthcare, agriculture, cybersecurity, computing and transportation. Chapter 1 introduces an innovative device for automatically notifying and analyzing the impact of automobile accidents. Chapter 2 focuses on the detection of malaria using systematized image processing techniques. In Chapter 3, an intelligent technique based on LMEPOP and fuzzy logic for the segmentation of defocus blur is discussed. Predictive analytics is introduced in Chapter 4, providing an overview of this emerging field. Chapter 5 delves into discrete event system simulation, offering insights into its applications. The performance analysis of different hypervisors in OS virtualization is explored in Chapter 6. Load balancing in cloud computing is the subject of investigation in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 presents a survey on a facial and fingerprint-based voting system utilizing deep learning techniques. Chapter 9 explores IoT-based automated decision-making with data analytics in agriculture. Biometric recognition through modality fusion is investigated in Chapter 10. Chapter 11 offers a new perspective on evaluating machine learning algorithms for predicting employee performance. Pre-process methods for cardiovascular diseases diagnosis using CT angiography images are discussed in Chapter 12. Chapter 13 presents the implementation of a smart wheelchair using ultrasonic sensors and LabVIEW. Cryptography using the Internet of Things is the focus of Chapter 14. Chapter 15 explores machine learning applications for traffic sign recognition, and the book concludes with Chapter 16, which analyzes machine learning algorithms in healthcare. The book is a resource for academics, researchers, educators and professionals in the technology sector who want to learn about current trends in intelligent technologies.

This comprehensive book covers spectral analysis theory for radio signals and innovative devices designed for filtering electromagnetic waves across diverse frequency ranges. The book features 14 chapters that explain the working of devices utilizing surface and bulk acoustic waves. The chapters provide insights into acousto-optical and acousto-electronic Fourier processors' design principles, description methods, and characteristics. The inclusion of algorithms for multi-channel frequency discriminators enhances the precision of radio signal frequency measurements, ensuring stability in tracking frequency meters amidst intense interference. The book also includes mathematical modeling and experimental studies of waveguide microwave filters and X-band multiplexers, specifically tailored for non-pressurized radio electronic equipment in space communication systems. Notably, the book introduces readers to a compelling alternative to conventional filters: 2-D periodic structures in the form of thin perforated metal meshes that offer compact solutions for millimeter and sub-millimeter wave systems. A significant portion of the book is dedicated to the development of highly selective microstrip filters, incorporating complex topological structures with limited resonators and numerous couplings. This approach allows for the formation of numerous attenuation poles at finite frequencies, facilitating the achievement of high electrical parameters and compact filter sizes. Engineers and scientists specializing in communication systems design and analog Fourier processors will find a wealth of well-established and original solutions within this book.

Functional Bio-based Materials for Regenerative Medicine: From Bench to Bedside explores the use of bio-based materials for the regeneration of tissues and organs. The book presents an edited collection of 28 topics in 2 parts focused on the translation of these materials from laboratory research (the bench) to practical applications in clinical settings (the bedside). Chapter authors highlight the significance of bio-based materials, such as hydrogels, scaffolds, and nanoparticles, in promoting tissue regeneration and wound healing. Topics included in the book include: - the properties of bio-based materials, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the ability to mimic the native extracellular matrix. - fabrication techniques and approaches for functional bio-based material design with desired characteristics like mechanical strength and porosity to promote cellular attachment, proliferation, and differentiation - the incorporation of bioactive molecules, such as growth factors, into bio-based materials to enhance their regenerative potential. - strategies for the controlled release of molecules to create a favorable microenvironment for tissue regeneration. - the challenges and considerations involved in scaling up the production of bio-based materials, ensuring their safety and efficacy, and obtaining regulatory approval for clinical use Part 2 covers advanced materials and techniques used in tissue engineering. Topics focus on advanced composite materials for 3D scaffolds and the repair of tissues in different organs such as the heart, cornea, bone and ligaments. Materials highlighted in this part include polyamide composites, electrospun nanofibers, and different bio-based hydrogels. Functional Bio-based Materials for Regenerative Medicine: From Bench to Bedside is a valuable reference for researchers in biomedical engineering, cell biology, and regenerative medicine who want to update their knowledge on current developments in the synthesis and application of functional biomaterials.

This book focuses on cases and studies of interest to mechanical engineers and industrial technicians. The considered applications in this volume are widely used in several industrial fields particularly in the automotive and aviation industries. Readers will understand the theory and techniques which are used in each application covered in each chapter. Volume 3 includes the following topics: Numerical simulations of three-dimensional laminar mixed convection heat transfer of water-based-Al2O3 nanofluid in an open cubic cavity with a heated block. Nonlinear formulations of Element-Free Galerkin Method (EFGM) for large deformation analysis of Ogden’s hyperelastic materials, emphasizing incompressibility and mesh distortion avoidance. Development of a 3D numerical model with LS-DYNA using a coupled SPH-FEM method to simulate hydraulic behavior of a Ski-Jump Spillway with dentates, showcasing precision through validation. Exploration of enhancing the inlet system of an LPG-H2 fueled engine using a static inclined blade turbine, analyzed through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. Effective utilization of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in heat transfer applications, addressing issues like fouling in heat exchangers, showcasing their accuracy compared to experimental data. Investigation of the impact of nitrogen concentration on the structure and properties of ZrN coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering, evaluating variations in structural and mechanical properties. Forced convection in a horizontal cylindrical pipe with pseudoplastic fluid, considering uniform constant heat flux and uniform temperature as boundary conditions. Modeling and experimental study of a water solar collector coupled to an optimized solar still, aiming to enhance freshwater production in a solar distillation system under specific climatic conditions. Exploration of the effect of film thickness on the structure and properties of Ti-N films deposited by magnetron sputtering, utilizing theoretical and experimental analysis to confirm the rock salt TiN structure. The presented case studies and development approaches aim to provide readers with basic and applied information broadly related to mechanical engineering and technology.

This text book provides a quick and easy understanding of multistage interconnection networks (MINs) for engineers. The book contents focus on the design, performance metrics, and evaluation of these networks which are crucial in modern computer architecture. The contents equip engineering students, apprentices and professionals with in-depth knowledge and analysis of MINS, enabling them to build complex computer architectures for efficient data communications and cost effective solutions for circuit design. The book starts with an introduction to MINS and subsequently progresses to the evaluation of a range of MINS (SEN, Gamma-Minus, FTSN, FTGN, SEGIN). Key highlights of the book include: Easy to understand notes on design, reliability and fault tolerance Covers a wide range of MIN types with notes on design variants Supplementary information aiding comprehension of the main content. A curated list of references for further exploration and deeper understanding.

This book focuses on cases and studies of interest to mechanical engineers and industrial technicians. The considered applications in this volume are widely used in several industrial fields particularly in the automotive and aviation industries. Readers will understand the theory and techniques which are used in each application covered in each chapter. Volume 2 includes the following topics: Numerical investigation of turbulent slot jets with various nanoparticle shapes Experimental study on a sweeping gas membrane distillation unit Development of design processes for multi-spindle drilling using a neural network and expert systems Experimental investigation of a new hybrid solar collector (PV/t) system Theoretical study of the effects of combustion duration on engine performance Effects of preheating temperature and fuel-air equivalence ratio on pollution control in hydrocarbon combustion Numerical study of natural convection between two concentric ellipses with different shapes and imposed temperatures Theoretical study of the geometrical parameters effect on the behavior of a solar chimney power plant Numerical investigations of the effect of packed bed porosity on the flow behavior Comparison between a conventional and a four-stage Savonius wind rotor The presented case studies and development approaches aim to provide readers with basic and applied information broadly related to mechanical engineering and technology.