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Current Protein & Peptide Science

Author(s): Shahnawaz Rehman, Mohammad Faisal, Abdulrahman A. Alatar and Saheem Ahmad*

DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190618095719

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Physico-chemical Changes Induced in the Serum Proteins Immunoglobulin G and Fibrinogen Mediated by Methylglyoxal

Page: [916 - 923] Pages: 8

  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Background: Non-enzymatic glycation of proteins plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of secondary diabetic complications via the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and increased oxidative stress. Methylglyoxal (MG), a highly reactive dicarbonyl of class α-oxoaldehyde that generates during glucose oxidation and lipid peroxidation, contributes to glycation.

Objective: This comparative study focuses on methylglyoxal induced glycoxidative damage suffered by immunoglobulin G (IgG) and fibrinogen, and to unveil implication of structural modification of serum proteins in diabetes-associated secondary complications.

Methods: The methylglyoxal induced structural alterations in IgG and fibrinogen were analyzed by UVvis, fluorescence, circular dichroism and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Ketoamine moieties, carbonyl contents, 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and malondyaldehyde were also quantified. Free lysine and arginine estimation, detection of non-fluorogenic carboxymethyllysine (CML) and fibril formation were confirmed by thioflavin T (ThT) assay.

Results: Structural alterations, increased carbonyl contents and ketoamines were reported in MG glycated IgG and fibrinogen against their native analogues.

Conclusion: The experiment results validate structural modifications, increased oxidative stress and AGEs formation. Thus, we can conclude that IgG-AGEs and Fib-AGEs formed during MG induced glycation of IgG and fibrinogen could impede normal physiology and might initiates secondary complications in diabetic patients.

Keywords: Glycation, immunoglobulin G, fibrinogen, methylglyoxal (MG), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), serum proteins.

Graphical Abstract

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