Generic placeholder image

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

Author(s): Wei Diao, Huawei Cai, Lihong Chen, Xi Jin, Xinyang Liao and Zhiyun Jia*

DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190201100739

DownloadDownload PDF Flyer Cite As
Recent Advances in Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Based Radiopharmaceuticals

Page: [33 - 56] Pages: 24

  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common sex-related malignancy with high mortality in men worldwide. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is overexpressed on the surface of most prostate tumor cells and considered a valuable target for both diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer. A series of radiolabeled agents have been developed based on the featured PSMA ligands in the previous decade and have demonstrated promising outcomes in clinical research of primary and recurrent PCa. Furthermore, the inspiring response and safety of lutetium-177-PSMA-617 (177Lu-PSMA-617) radiotherapy represent the potential for expanded therapeutic options for metastatic castration-resistant PCa. Retrospective cohort studies have revealed that radiolabeled PSMA agents are the mainstays of the current success, especially in detecting prostate cancer with metastasis and biochemical recurrence.

Objective: This review is intended to present a comprehensive overview of the current literature on PSMA ligand-based agents for both radionuclide imaging and therapeutic approaches, with a focus on those that have been clinically adopted.

Conclusion: PSMA-based diagnosis and therapy hold great promise for improving the clinical management of prostate cancer.

Keywords: Prostate cancer, Prostate specific membrane antigen, Radionuclide imaging, Radionuclide therapy, PSMA-targeted, BCR.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Siegel, R.L.; Miller, K.D.; Jemal, A. Cancer statistics, 2018. CA Cancer J. Clin., 2018, 68(1), 7-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21442] [PMID: 29313949]
[2]
Uchio, E.M.; Aslan, M.; Wells, C.K.; Calderone, J.; Concato, J. Impact of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer among US veterans. Arch. Intern. Med., 2010, 170(15), 1390-1395.
[http://dx.doi.org/ dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2010.262] [PMID: 20696967]
[3]
Sidhom, M.A.; Kneebone, A.B.; Lehman, M.; Wiltshire, K.L.; Millar, J.L.; Mukherjee, R.K.; Shakespeare, T.P.; Tai, K-H. Post-prostatectomy radiation therapy: Consensus guidelines of the australian and new zealand radiation oncology genito-urinary group. Radiother. Oncol., 2008, 88(1), 10-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2008.05.006] [PMID: 18514340]
[4]
Stephenson, A.J.; Scardino, P.T.; Kattan, M.W.; Pisansky, T.M.; Slawin, K.M.; Klein, E.A.; Anscher, M.S.; Michalski, J.M.; Sandler, H.M.; Lin, D.W.; Forman, J.D.; Zelefsky, M.J.; Kestin, L.L.; Roehrborn, C.G.; Catton, C.N.; DeWeese, T.L.; Liauw, S.L.; Valicenti, R.K.; Kuban, D.A.; Pollack, A. Predicting the outcome of salvage radiation therapy for recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. J. Clin. Oncol., 2007, 25(15), 2035-2041.
[http://dx.doi.org/ dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2006.08.9607] [PMID: 17513807]
[5]
Merseburger, A.S.; Alcaraz, A.; von Klot, C.A. Androgen deprivation therapy as backbone therapy in the management of prostate cancer. OncoTargets Ther., 2016, 9, 7263-7274.
[http://dx.doi.org/ dx.doi.org/10.2147/OTT.S117176] [PMID: 27942220]
[6]
Tagawa, S.T.; Milowsky, M.I.; Morris, M.; Vallabhajosula, S.; Christos, P.; Akhtar, N.H.; Osborne, J.; Goldsmith, S.J.; Larson, S.; Taskar, N.P.; Scher, H.I.; Bander, N.H.; Nanus, D.M. Phase II study of Lutetium-177-labeled anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen monoclonal antibody J591 for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Clin. Cancer Res., 2013, 19(18), 5182-5191.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-0231] [PMID: 23714732]
[7]
Smith, R.A.; Andrews, K.S.; Brooks, D.; Fedewa, S.A.; Manassaram-Baptiste, D.; Saslow, D.; Brawley, O.W.; Wender, R.C. Cancer screening in the United States, 2018: A review of current american cancer society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening. CA Cancer J. Clin., 2018, 68(4), 297-316.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/caac.21446] [PMID: 29846940]
[8]
Abraham, N.E.; Mendhiratta, N.; Taneja, S.S. Patterns of repeat prostate biopsy in contemporary clinical practice. J. Urol., 2015, 193(4), 1178-1184.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.10.084] [PMID: 25444971]
[9]
Loeb, S.; Vellekoop, A.; Ahmed, H.U.; Catto, J.; Emberton, M.; Nam, R.; Rosario, D.J.; Scattoni, V.; Lotan, Y. Systematic review of complications of prostate biopsy. Eur. Urol., 2013, 64(6), 876-892.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2013.05.049] [PMID: 23787356]
[10]
Hövels, A.M.; Heesakkers, R.A.M.; Adang, E.M.; Jager, G.J.; Strum, S.; Hoogeveen, Y.L.; Severens, J.L.; Barentsz, J.O. The diagnostic accuracy of CT and MRI in the staging of pelvic lymph nodes in patients with prostate cancer: a meta-analysis. Clin. Radiol., 2008, 63(4), 387-395.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crad. 2007.05.022] [PMID: 18325358]
[11]
De Visschere, P.J.; Briganti, A.; Fütterer, J.J.; Ghadjar, P.; Isbarn, H.; Massard, C.; Ost, P.; Sooriakumaran, P.; Surcel, C.I.; Valerio, M.; van den Bergh, R.C.; Ploussard, G.; Giannarini, G.; Villeirs, G.M. Role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in early detection of prostate cancer. Insights Imaging, 2016, 7(2), 205-214.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13244-016-0466-9] [PMID: 26847758]
[12]
Dianat, S.S.; Carter, H.B.; Macura, K.J. Performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation and management of clinically low-risk prostate cancer. Urol. Oncol., 2014, 32(1), 39.e1-39.e10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2013.04. 002] [PMID: 23787297]
[13]
Madigan, A.A.; Rycyna, K.J.; Parwani, A.V.; Datiri, Y.J.; Basudan, A.M.; Sobek, K.M.; Cummings, J.L.; Basse, P.H.; Bacich, D.J.; O’Keefe, D.S. Novel nuclear localization of fatty acid synthase correlates with prostate cancer aggressiveness. Am. J. Pathol., 2014, 184(8), 2156-2162.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.04. 012] [PMID: 24907642]
[14]
Mohsen, B.; Giorgio, T.; Rasoul, Z.S.; Werner, L.; Ali, G.R.; Reza, D.K.; Ramin, S. Application of C-11-acetate positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging in prostate cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. BJU Int., 2013, 112(8), 1062-1072.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bju.12279] [PMID: 23937453]
[15]
Mena, E.; Turkbey, B.; Mani, H.; Adler, S.; Valera, V.A.; Bernardo, M.; Shah, V.; Pohida, T.; McKinney, Y.; Kwarteng, G.; Daar, D.; Lindenberg, M.L.; Eclarinal, P.; Wade, R.; Linehan, W.M.; Merino, M.J.; Pinto, P.A.; Choyke, P.L.; Kurdziel, K.A. 11C-Acetate PET/CT in localized prostate cancer: a study with MRI and histopathologic correlation. J. Nucl. Med., 2012, 53(4), 538-545.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.111.096032] [PMID: 22343504]
[16]
Evangelista, L.; Guttilla, A.; Zattoni, F.; Muzzio, P.C.; Zattoni, F. Utility of choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography for lymph node involvement identification in intermediate- to high-risk prostate cancer: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Eur. Urol., 2013, 63(6), 1040-1048.
[http://dx.doi.org/dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.eururo.2012.09.039] [PMID: 23036576]
[17]
Evangelista, L.; Zattoni, F.; Guttilla, A.; Saladini, G.; Zattoni, F.; Colletti, P.M.; Rubello, D. Choline PET or PET/CT and biochemical relapse of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin. Nucl. Med., 2013, 38(5), 305-314.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0b013e3182867f3c] [PMID: 23486334]
[18]
Souvatzoglou, M.; Weirich, G.; Schwarzenboeck, S.; Maurer, T.; Schuster, T.; Bundschuh, R.A.; Eiber, M.; Herrmann, K.; Kuebler, H.; Wester, H.J.; Hoefler, H.; Gschwend, J.; Schwaiger, M.; Treiber, U.; Krause, B.J. The sensitivity of [11C]choline PET/CT to localize prostate cancer depends on the tumor configuration. Clin. Cancer Res., 2011, 17(11), 3751-3759.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-2093] [PMID: 21493868]
[19]
Bluemel, C.; Krebs, M.; Polat, B.; Linke, F.; Eiber, M.; Samnick, S.; Lapa, C.; Lassmann, M.; Riedmiller, H.; Czernin, J.; Rubello, D.; Bley, T.; Kropf, S.; Wester, H.J.; Buck, A.K.; Herrmann, K. 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT in patients with biochemical prostate cancer recurrence and negative 18F-choline-PET/CT. Clin. Nucl. Med., 2016, 41(7), 515-521.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000 001197] [PMID: 26975008]
[20]
Schuster, D.M.; Votaw, J.R.; Nieh, P.T.; Yu, W.; Nye, J.A.; Master, V.; Bowman, F.D.; Issa, M.M.; Goodman, M.M. Initial experience with the radiotracer anti-1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid with PET/CT in prostate carcinoma. J. Nucl. Med., 2007, 48(1), 56-63.
[PMID: 17204699]
[21]
Nanni, C.; Zanoni, L.; Pultrone, C.; Schiavina, R.; Brunocilla, E.; Lodi, F.; Malizia, C.; Ferrari, M.; Rigatti, P.; Fonti, C.; Martorana, G.; Fanti, S. (18)F-FACBC (anti1-amino-3-(18)F-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid) versus (11)C-choline PET/CT in prostate cancer relapse: results of a prospective trial. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2016, 43(9), 1601-1610.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-016-3329-1] [PMID: 26960562]
[22]
Oka, S.; Hattori, R.; Kurosaki, F.; Toyama, M.; Williams, L.A.; Yu, W.; Votaw, J.R.; Yoshida, Y.; Goodman, M.M.; Ito, O. A preliminary study of anti-1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutyl-1-carboxylic acid for the detection of prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2007, 48(1), 46-55.
[PMID: 17204698]
[23]
Ren, J.; Yuan, L.; Wen, G.; Yang, J. The value of anti-1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutane-1-carboxylic acid PET/CT in the diagnosis of recurrent prostate carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Acta Radiol., 2016, 57(4), 487-493.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0284185115 581541] [PMID: 25907118]
[24]
Vargas, H.A.; Wassberg, C.; Fox, J.J.; Wibmer, A.; Goldman, D.A.; Kuk, D.; Gonen, M.; Larson, S.M.; Morris, M.J.; Scher, H.I.; Hricak, H. Bone metastases in castration-resistant prostate cancer: associations between morphologic CT patterns, glycolytic activity, and androgen receptor expression on PET and overall survival. Radiology, 2014, 271(1), 220-229.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol. 13130625] [PMID: 24475817]
[25]
Larson, S.M.; Morris, M.; Gunther, I.; Beattie, B.; Humm, J.L.; Akhurst, T.A.; Finn, R.D.; Erdi, Y.; Pentlow, K.; Dyke, J.; Squire, O.; Bornmann, W.; McCarthy, T.; Welch, M.; Scher, H. Tumor localization of 16beta-18F-fluoro-5alpha-dihydrotestosterone versus 18F-FDG in patients with progressive, metastatic prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2004, 45(3), 366-373.
[PMID: 15001675]
[26]
Wibmer, A.G.; Burger, I.A.; Sala, E.; Hricak, H.; Weber, W.A.; Vargas, H.A. Molecular imaging of prostate cancer. Radiographics, 2015, 48(2), 150059.
[PMID: 26587888]
[27]
Mansi, R.; Minamimoto, R.; Mäcke, H.; Iagaru, A.H. Bombesin-Targeted PET of prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2016, 57(Suppl. 3), 67S-72S.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.170977] [PMID: 27694175]
[28]
Mansi, R.; Wang, X.; Forrer, F.; Kneifel, S.; Tamma, M.L.; Waser, B.; Cescato, R.; Reubi, J.C.; Maecke, H.R. Evaluation of a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-conjugated bombesin-based radioantagonist for the labeling with single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and therapeutic radionuclides. Clin. Cancer Res., 2009, 15(16), 5240-5249.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-3145] [PMID: 19671861]
[29]
Minamimoto, R.; Hancock, S.; Schneider, B.; Chin, F.T.; Jamali, M.; Loening, A.; Vasanawala, S.; Gambhir, S.S.; Iagaru, A. Pilot comparison of 68Ga-RM2 PET and 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2016, 57(4), 557-562.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.168393] [PMID: 26659347]
[30]
O’Keefe, D.S.; Su, S.L.; Bacich, D.J.; Horiguchi, Y.; Luo, Y.; Powell, C.T.; Zandvliet, D.; Russell, P.J.; Molloy, P.L.; Nowak, N.J.; Shows, T.B.; Mullins, C.; Vonder Haar, R.A.; Fair, W.R.; Heston, W.D. Mapping, genomic organization and promoter analysis of the human prostate-specific membrane antigen gene. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1998, 1443(1-2), 113-127.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-4781(98)00200-0] [PMID: 9838072]
[31]
Lambert, L.A.; Mitchell, S.L. Molecular evolution of the transferrin receptor/glutamate carboxypeptidase II family. J. Mol. Evol., 2007, 64(1), 113-128.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00239-006-0137-4] [PMID: 17160644]
[32]
Mahadevan, D.; Saldanha, J.W. The extracellular regions of PSMA and the transferrin receptor contain an aminopeptidase domain: implications for drug design. Protein Sci., 1999, 8(11), 2546-2549.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1110/ps.8.11.2546] [PMID: 10595564]
[33]
Rajasekaran, S.A.; Anilkumar, G.; Oshima, E.; Bowie, J.U.; Liu, H.; Heston, W.; Bander, N.H.; Rajasekaran, A.K. A novel cytoplasmic tail MXXXL motif mediates the internalization of prostate-specific membrane antigen. Mol. Biol. Cell, 2003, 14(12), 4835-4845.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e02-11-0731] [PMID: 14528023]
[34]
Ghosh, A.; Heston, W.D. Tumor target prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and its regulation in prostate cancer. J. Cell. Biochem., 2004, 91(3), 528-539.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.10661] [PMID: 14755683]
[35]
Carter, R.E.; Feldman, A.R.; Coyle, J.T. Prostate-specific membrane antigen is a hydrolase with substrate and pharmacologic characteristics of a neuropeptidase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, 93(2), 749-753.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.2.749] [PMID: 8570628]
[36]
Robinson, M.B.; Blakely, R.D.; Couto, R.; Coyle, J.T. Hydrolysis of the brain dipeptide N-acetyl-L-aspartyl-L-glutamate. Identification and characterization of a novel N-acetylated alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase activity from rat brain. J. Biol. Chem., 1987, 262(30), 14498-14506.
[PMID: 3667587]
[37]
Sirotnak, F.M.; Tolner, B. Carrier-mediated membrane transport of folates in mammalian cells. Annu. Rev. Nutr., 1999, 19(1), 91-122.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.19.1.91] [PMID: 10448518]
[38]
Grauer, L.S.; Lawler, K.D.; Marignac, J.L.; Kumar, A.; Goel, A.S.; Wolfert, R.L. Identification, purification, and subcellular localization of prostate-specific membrane antigen PSM’ protein in the LNCaP prostatic carcinoma cell line. Cancer Res., 1998, 58(21), 4787-4789.
[PMID: 9809977]
[39]
Heston, W.D. Significance of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). A neurocarboxypeptidase and membrane folate hydrolase. Urologe A, 1996, 35(5), 400-407.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001200050041] [PMID: 8999630]
[40]
Huang, E.; Teh, B.S.; Mody, D.R.; Carpenter, L.S.; Butler, E.B. Prostate adenocarcinoma presenting with inguinal lymphadenopathy. Urology, 2003, 61(2), 463.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0090-4295(02)02269-0] [PMID: 12597980]
[41]
Mease, R.C.; Foss, C.A.; Pomper, M.G. PET imaging in prostate cancer: focus on prostate-specific membrane antigen. Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 2013, 13(8), 951-962.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026611313080008] [PMID: 23590171]
[42]
Davis, M.I.; Bennett, M.J.; Thomas, L.M.; Bjorkman, P.J. Crystal structure of prostate-specific membrane antigen, A tumor marker and peptidase. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2005, 102(17), 5981-5986.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0502101102] [PMID: 15837926]
[43]
Mesters, J.R.; Barinka, C.; Li, W.; Tsukamoto, T.; Majer, P.; Slusher, B.S.; Konvalinka, J.; Hilgenfeld, R. Structure of glutamate carboxypeptidase II, A drug target in neuronal damage and prostate cancer. EMBO J., 2006, 25(6), 1375-1384.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.emboj.7600969] [PMID: 16467855]
[44]
Barinka, C.; Hlouchova, K.; Rovenska, M.; Majer, P.; Dauter, M.; Hin, N.; Ko, Y.S.; Tsukamoto, T.; Slusher, B.S.; Konvalinka, J.; Lubkowski, J. Structural basis of interactions between human glutamate carboxypeptidase II and its substrate analogs. J. Mol. Biol., 2008, 376(5), 1438-1450.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2007. 12.066] [PMID: 18234225]
[45]
Zhang, A.X.; Murelli, R.P.; Barinka, C.; Michel, J.; Cocleaza, A.; Jorgensen, W.L.; Lubkowski, J.; Spiegel, D.A. A remote arene-binding site on prostate specific membrane antigen revealed by antibody-recruiting small molecules. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132(36), 12711-12716.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja104591m] [PMID: 20726553]
[46]
Chang, S.S. Overview of prostate-specific membrane antigen. Rev. Urol., 2004, 6(Suppl. 10), S13-S18.
[PMID: 16985927]
[47]
Silver, D.A.; Pellicer, I.; Fair, W.R.; Heston, W.D.; Cordon-Cardo, C. Prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in normal and malignant human tissues. Clin. Cancer Res., 1997, 3(1), 81-85.
[PMID: 9815541]
[48]
Bostwick, D.G.; Pacelli, A.; Blute, M.; Roche, P.; Murphy, G.P. Prostate specific membrane antigen expression in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and adenocarcinoma: a study of 184 cases. Cancer, 1998, 82(11), 2256-2261.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI) 1097-0142(19980601)82:11<2256:AID-CNCR22>3.0.CO;2-S] [PMID: 9610707]
[49]
Krohn, T.; Verburg, F.A.; Pufe, T.; Neuhuber, W.; Vogg, A.; Heinzel, A.; Mottaghy, F.M.; Behrendt, F.F. [(68)Ga]PSMA-HBED uptake mimicking lymph node metastasis in coeliac ganglia: an important pitfall in clinical practice. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2015, 42(2), 210-214.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-014-2915-3] [PMID: 25248644]
[50]
Liu, H.; Rajasekaran, A.K.; Moy, P.; Xia, Y.; Kim, S.; Navarro, V.; Rahmati, R.; Bander, N.H. Constitutive and antibody-induced internalization of prostate-specific membrane antigen. Cancer Res., 1998, 58(18), 4055-4060.
[PMID: 9751609]
[51]
Eder, M.; Schäfer, M.; Bauder-Wüst, U.; Hull, W.E.; Wängler, C.; Mier, W.; Haberkorn, U.; Eisenhut, M. 68Ga-complex lipophilicity and the targeting property of a urea-based PSMA inhibitor for PET imaging. Bioconjug. Chem., 2012, 23(4), 688-697.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bc200279b] [PMID: 22369515]
[52]
Horoszewicz, J.S.; Kawinski, E.; Murphy, G.P. Monoclonal antibodies to a new antigenic marker in epithelial prostatic cells and serum of prostatic cancer patients. Anticancer Res., 1987, 7(5B), 927-935.
[PMID: 2449118]
[53]
Babaian, R.J.; Sayer, J.; Podoloff, D.A.; Steelhammer, L.C.; Bhadkamkar, V.A.; Gulfo, J.V. Radioimmunoscintigraphy of pelvic lymph nodes with 111indium-labeled monoclonal antibody CYT-356. J. Urol., 1994, 152(6 Pt 1), 1952-1955.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(17)32277-2] [PMID: 7966649]
[54]
Manyak, M.J.; Hinkle, G.H.; Olsen, J.O.; Chiaccherini, R.P.; Partin, A.W.; Piantadosi, S.; Burgers, J.K.; Texter, J.H.; Neal, C.E.; Libertino, J.A.; Wright, G.L., Jr; Maguire, R.T. Immunoscintigraphy with indium-111-capromab pendetide: evaluation before definitive therapy in patients with prostate cancer. Urology, 1999, 54(6), 1058-1063.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0090-4295(99)003 14-3] [PMID: 10604708]
[55]
Rieter, W.J.; Keane, T.E.; Ahlman, M.A.; Ellis, C.T.; Spicer, K.M.; Gordon, L.L. Diagnostic performance of In-111 capromab pendetide SPECT/CT in localized and metastatic prostate cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med., 2011, 36(10), 872-878.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0b013e318219ae29] [PMID: 21892036]
[56]
Smith-Jones, P.M.; Vallabhajosula, S.; Navarro, V.; Bastidas, D.; Goldsmith, S.J.; Bander, N.H. Radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies specific to the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen: preclinical studies in nude mice bearing LNCaP human prostate tumor. J. Nucl. Med., 2003, 44(4), 610-617.
[PMID: 12679407]
[57]
Bander, N.H. Technology insight: monoclonal antibody imaging of prostate cancer. Nat. Clin. Pract. Urol., 2006, 3(4), 216-225.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpuro0452] [PMID: 16607370]
[58]
Ruggiero, A.; Holland, J.P.; Hudolin, T.; Shenker, L.; Koulova, A.; Bander, N.H.; Lewis, J.S.; Grimm, J. Targeting the internal epitope of prostate-specific membrane antigen with 89Zr-7E11 immuno-PET. J. Nucl. Med., 2011, 52(10), 1608-1615.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.111.092098] [PMID: 21908391]
[59]
Tolmachev, V.; Malmberg, J.; Estrada, S.; Eriksson, O.; Orlova, A. Development of a 124I-labeled version of the anti-PSMA monoclonal antibody capromab for immunoPET staging of prostate cancer: Aspects of labeling chemistry and biodistribution. Int. J. Oncol., 2014, 44(6), 1998-2008.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2376] [PMID: 24718894]
[60]
Deb, N.; Goris, M.; Trisler, K.; Fowler, S.; Saal, J.; Ning, S.; Becker, M.; Marquez, C.; Knox, S. Treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer with 90Y-CYT-356 monoclonal antibody. Clin. Cancer Res., 1996, 2(8), 1289-1297.
[PMID: 9816299]
[61]
Pan, M-H.; Gao, D-W.; Feng, J.; He, J.; Seo, Y.; Tedesco, J.; Wolodzko, J.G.; Hasegawa, B.H.; Franc, B.L. Biodistributions of 177Lu- and 111In-labeled 7E11 antibodies to prostate-specific membrane antigen in xenograft model of prostate cancer and potential use of 111In-7E11 as a pre-therapeutic agent for 177Lu-7E11 radioimmunotherapy. Mol. Imaging Biol., 2009, 11(3), 159-166.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-008-0185-9] [PMID: 19034582]
[62]
Liu, H.; Moy, P.; Kim, S.; Xia, Y.; Rajasekaran, A.; Navarro, V.; Knudsen, B.; Bander, N.H. Monoclonal antibodies to the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen also react with tumor vascular endothelium. Cancer Res., 1997, 57(17), 3629-3634.
[PMID: 9288760]
[63]
Smith-Jones, P.M.; Vallabahajosula, S.; Goldsmith, S.J.; Navarro, V.; Hunter, C.J.; Bastidas, D.; Bander, N.H. In vitro characterization of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies specific for the extracellular domain of prostate-specific membrane antigen. Cancer Res., 2000, 60(18), 5237-5243.
[PMID: 11016653]
[64]
Nargund, V.; Al Hashmi, D.; Kumar, P.; Gordon, S.; Otitie, U.; Ellison, D.; Carroll, M.; Baithun, S.; Britton, K.E. Imaging with radiolabelled monoclonal antibody (MUJ591) to prostate-specific membrane antigen in staging of clinically localized prostatic carcinoma: Comparison with clinical, surgical and histological staging. BJU Int., 2005, 95(9), 1232-1236.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05511.x] [PMID: 15892807]
[65]
Tu, S.; Shen, J.; Tao, R.; Ji, X.; Wang, Y. The preparation of 99mTc -J591 and its SPECT imaging of nude mice bearing human prostate cancer. Chinese J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging., 2013, 33(4), 284-288.
[66]
Morgenstern, A.; Bruchertseifer, F.; Apostolidis, C. Targeted alpha therapy with 213Bi. Curr. Radiopharm., 2011, 4(4), 295-305.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874471011104040295] [PMID: 22202152]
[67]
Vaidyanathan, G.; Zalutsky, M.R. Applications of 211At and 223Ra in targeted alpha-particle radiotherapy. Curr. Radiopharm., 2011, 4(4), 283-294.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874471011104040283] [PMID: 22202151]
[68]
McDevitt, M.R.; Barendswaard, E.; Ma, D.; Lai, L.; Curcio, M.J.; Sgouros, G.; Ballangrud, A.M.; Yang, W.H.; Finn, R.D.; Pellegrini, V.; Geerlings, M.W., Jr; Lee, M.; Brechbiel, M.W.; Bander, N.H.; Cordon-Cardo, C.; Scheinberg, D.A. An alpha-particle emitting antibody ([213Bi]J591) for radioimmunotherapy of prostate cancer. Cancer Res., 2000, 60(21), 6095-6100.
[PMID: 11085533]
[69]
Hamilton, A.; King, S.; Liu, H.; Moy, P.; Bander, N.; Carr, F. In A novel humanized antibody against prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) for in vivo targeting and therapy. Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res., 1998, •••, 2997.
[70]
Milowsky, M.I.; Nanus, D.M.; Kostakoglu, L.; Sheehan, C.E.; Vallabhajosula, S.; Goldsmith, S.J.; Ross, J.S.; Bander, N.H. Vascular targeted therapy with anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen monoclonal antibody J591 in advanced solid tumors. J. Clin. Oncol., 2007, 25(5), 540-547.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO. 2006.07.8097] [PMID: 17290063]
[71]
Holland, J.P.; Divilov, V.; Bander, N.H.; Smith-Jones, P.M.; Larson, S.M.; Lewis, J.S. 89Zr-DFO-J591 for immunoPET of prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in vivo. J. Nucl. Med., 2010, 51(8), 1293-1300.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.110.076174] [PMID: 20660376]
[72]
Pandit-Taskar, N.; O’Donoghue, J.A.; Durack, J.C.; Lyashchenko, S.K.; Cheal, S.M.; Beylergil, V.; Lefkowitz, R.A.; Carrasquillo, J.A.; Martinez, D.F.; Fung, A.M.; Solomon, S.B.; Gönen, M.; Heller, G.; Loda, M.; Nanus, D.M.; Tagawa, S.T.; Feldman, J.L.; Osborne, J.R.; Lewis, J.S.; Reuter, V.E.; Weber, W.A.; Bander, N.H.; Scher, H.I.; Larson, S.M.; Morris, M.J. A Phase I/II study for analytic validation of 89zr-j591 immunopet as a molecular imaging agent for metastatic prostate cancer. Clin. Cancer Res., 2015, 21(23), 5277-5285.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-0552] [PMID: 26175541]
[73]
Evans, M.J.; Smith-Jones, P.M.; Wongvipat, J.; Navarro, V.; Kim, S.; Bander, N.H.; Larson, S.M.; Sawyers, C.L. Noninvasive meas-urement of androgen receptor signaling with a positron-emitting radiopharmaceutical that targets prostate-specific membrane anti-gen. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2011, 108(23), 9578-9582.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1106383108] [PMID: 21606347]
[74]
Milowsky, M.I.; Nanus, D.M.; Kostakoglu, L.; Vallabhajosula, S.; Goldsmith, S.J.; Bander, N.H. Phase I trial of yttrium-90-labeled anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen monoclonal antibody J591 for androgen-independent prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol., 2004, 22(13), 2522-2531.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2004.09.154] [PMID: 15173215]
[75]
Bander, N.H.; Milowsky, M.I.; Nanus, D.M.; Kostakoglu, L.; Vallabhajosula, S.; Goldsmith, S.J. Phase I trial of 177lutetium-labeled J591, a monoclonal antibody to prostate-specific membrane antigen, in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer. J. Clin. Oncol., 2005, 23(21), 4591-4601.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO. 2005.05.160] [PMID: 15837970]
[76]
Elsässer-Beile, U.; Wolf, P.; Gierschner, D.; Bühler, P.; Schultze-Seemann, W.; Wetterauer, U. A new generation of monoclonal and recombinant antibodies against cell-adherent prostate specific membrane antigen for diagnostic and therapeutic targeting of prostate cancer. Prostate, 2006, 66(13), 1359-1370.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pros.20367] [PMID: 16894535]
[77]
Alt, K.; Wiehr, S.; Ehrlichmann, W.; Reischl, G.; Wolf, P.; Pichler, B.J.; Elsässer-Beile, U.; Bühler, P. High-resolution animal PET imaging of prostate cancer xenografts with three different 64Cu-labeled antibodies against native cell-adherent PSMA. Prostate, 2010, 70(13), 1413-1421.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pros.21176] [PMID: 20687214]
[78]
Behe, M.; Alt, K.; Deininger, F.; Buehler, P.; Wetterauer, U.; Weber, W.A.; Elsaesser-Beile, U.; Wolf, P. In vivo testing of 177 Lu-labelled anti-PSMA antibody as a new radioimmunotherapeutic agent against prostate cancer. In Vivo, 2011, 25(1), 55-59.
[79]
Regino, C.A.; Wong, K.J.; Milenic, D.E.; Holmes, E.H.; Garmestani, K.; Choyke, P.L.; Brechbiel, M.W. Preclinical evaluation of a monoclonal antibody (3C6) specific for prostate-specific membrane antigen. Curr. Radiopharm., 2009, 2(1), 9-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874471010902010009] [PMID: 20047017]
[80]
Sletten, E.M.; Bertozzi, C.R. Bioorthogonal chemistry: fishing for selectivity in a sea of functionality. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2009, 48(38), 6974-6998.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200900942] [PMID: 19714693]
[81]
Rossin, R.; Verkerk, P.R.; van den Bosch, S.M.; Vulders, R.C.; Verel, I.; Lub, J.; Robillard, M.S. In vivo chemistry for pretargeted tumor imaging in live mice. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2010, 49(19), 3375-3378.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200906294] [PMID: 20391522]
[82]
Zeglis, B.M.; Davis, C.B.; Aggeler, R.; Kang, H.C.; Chen, A.; Agnew, B.J.; Lewis, J.S. Enzyme-mediated methodology for the site-specific radiolabeling of antibodies based on catalyst-free click chemistry. Bioconjug. Chem., 2013, 24(6), 1057-1067.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bc400122c] [PMID: 23688208]
[83]
Altai, M.; Perols, A.; Tsourma, M.; Mitran, B.; Honarvar, H.; Robillard, M.; Rossin, R.; ten Hoeve, W.; Lubberink, M.; Orlova, A.; Karlström, A.E.; Tolmachev, V. Feasibility of affibody-based bioorthogonal chemistry-mediated radionuclide pretargeting. J. Nucl. Med., 2016, 57(3), 431-436.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.162248] [PMID: 26659353]
[84]
Nawaz, S.; Mullen, G.E.D.; Blower, P.J.; Ballinger, J.R.A. 99mTc-labelled scFv antibody fragment that binds to prostate-specific membrane antigen. Nucl. Med. Commun., 2017, 38(8), 666-671.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MNM.0000000000000698] [PMID: 28598898]
[85]
Nawaz, S.; Mullen, G.E.D.; Sunassee, K.; Bordoloi, J.; Blower, P.J.; Ballinger, J.R. Simple, mild, one-step labelling of proteins with gallium-68 using a tris(hydroxypyridinone) bifunctional chelator: a 68Ga-THP-scFv targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen. EJNMMI Res., 2017, 7(1), 86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13550-017-0336-6] [PMID: 29067565]
[86]
Frigerio, B.; Fracasso, G.; Luison, E.; Cingarlini, S.; Mortarino, M.; Coliva, A.; Seregni, E.; Bombardieri, E.; Zuccolotto, G.; Rosato, A.; Colombatti, M.; Canevari, S.; Figini, M. A single-chain fragment against prostate specific membrane antigen as a tool to build theranostic reagents for prostate cancer. Eur. J. Cancer, 2013, 49(9), 2223-2232.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2013.01.024] [PMID: 23433847]
[87]
Mazzocco, C.; Fracasso, G.; Germain-Genevois, C.; Dugot-Senant, N.; Figini, M.; Colombatti, M.; Grenier, N.; Couillaud, F. In vivo imaging of prostate cancer using an anti-PSMA scFv fragment as a probe. Sci. Rep., 2016, 6, 23314.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep23314] [PMID: 26996325]
[88]
Frigerio, B. PSMA-Specific antibody fragments for prostate cancer imaging and therapy- University of Milan. 2013.
[89]
Frigerio, B.; Franssen, G.; Luison, E.; Satta, A.; Seregni, E.; Colombatti, M.; Fracasso, G.; Valdagni, R.; Mezzanzanica, D.; Boerman, O.; Canevari, S.; Figini, M. Full preclinical validation of the 123I-labeled anti-PSMA antibody fragment ScFvD2B for prostate cancer imaging. Oncotarget, 2017, 8(7), 10919-10930.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.14229] [PMID: 28051996]
[90]
Viola-Villegas, N.T.; Sevak, K.K.; Carlin, S.D.; Doran, M.G.; Evans, H.W.; Bartlett, D.W.; Wu, A.M.; Lewis, J.S. Noninvasive Imaging of PSMA in prostate tumors with (89)Zr-Labeled huJ591 engineered antibody fragments: the faster alternatives. Mol. Pharm., 2014, 11(11), 3965-3973.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/mp500164r] [PMID: 24779727]
[91]
Pandit-Taskar, N.; O’Donoghue, J.A.; Ruan, S.; Lyashchenko, S.K.; Carrasquillo, J.A.; Heller, G.; Martinez, D.F.; Cheal, S.M.; Lewis, J.S.; Fleisher, M.; Keppler, J.S.; Reiter, R.E.; Wu, A.M.; Weber, W.A.; Scher, H.I.; Larson, S.M.; Morris, M.J. First-in-human imaging with 89Zr-Df-IAB2M Anti-PSMA minibody in patients with metastatic prostate cancer: Pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, dosimetry, and lesion uptake. J. Nucl. Med., 2016, 57(12), 1858-1864.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.116.176206] [PMID: 27516450]
[92]
Kampmeier, F.; Williams, J.D.; Maher, J.; Mullen, G.E.; Blower, P.J. Design and preclinical evaluation of a 99mTc-labelled diabody of mAb J591 for SPECT imaging of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). EJNMMI Res., 2014, 4(1), 13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2191-219X-4-13] [PMID: 24602403]
[93]
Chatalic, K.L.; Veldhoven-Zweistra, J.; Bolkestein, M.; Hoeben, S.; Koning, G.A.; Boerman, O.C.; de Jong, M.; van Weerden, W.M. A novel 111In-labeled anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen nanobody for targeted SPECT/CT imaging of prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2015, 56(7), 1094-1099.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.156729] [PMID: 25977460]
[94]
Tsukamoto, T.; Wozniak, K.M.; Slusher, B.S. Progress in the discovery and development of glutamate carboxypeptidase II inhibitors. Drug Discov. Today, 2007, 12(17-18), 767-776.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2007.07.010] [PMID: 17826690]
[95]
Jackson, P.F.; Cole, D.C.; Slusher, B.S.; Stetz, S.L.; Ross, L.E.; Donzanti, B.A.; Trainor, D.A. Design, synthesis, and biological activity of a potent inhibitor of the neuropeptidase N-acetylated α-linked acidic dipeptidase. J. Med. Chem., 1996, 39(2), 619-622.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm950801q] [PMID: 8558536]
[96]
Rojas, C.; Frazier, S.T.; Flanary, J.; Slusher, B.S. Kinetics and inhibition of glutamate carboxypeptidase II using a microplate assay. Anal. Biochem., 2002, 310(1), 50-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2697(02)00286-5] [PMID: 12413472]
[97]
Jackson, P.F.; Cole, D.C.; Slusher, B.S.; Stetz, S.L.; Ross, L.E.; Donzanti, B.A.; Trainor, D.A. Design, synthesis, and biological activity of a potent inhibitor of the neuropeptidase N-acetylated alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase. J. Med. Chem., 1996, 39(2), 619-622.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm950801q] [PMID: 8558536]
[98]
Majer, P.; Jackson, P.F.; Delahanty, G.; Grella, B.S.; Ko, Y-S.; Li, W.; Liu, Q.; Maclin, K.M.; Poláková, J.; Shaffer, K.A.; Stoermer, D.; Vitharana, D.; Wang, E.Y.; Zakrzewski, A.; Rojas, C.; Slusher, B.S.; Wozniak, K.M.; Burak, E.; Limsakun, T.; Tsukamoto, T. Synthesis and biological evaluation of thiol-based inhibitors of glutamate carboxypeptidase II: discovery of an orally active GCP II inhibitor. J. Med. Chem., 2003, 46(10), 1989-1996.
[http://dx.doi.org/dx.doi. org/10.1021/jm020515w] [PMID: 12723961]
[99]
Humblet, V.; Lapidus, R.; Williams, L.R.; Tsukamoto, T.; Rojas, C.; Majer, P.; Hin, B.; Ohnishi, S.; De Grand, A.M.; Zaheer, A.; Renze, J.T.; Nakayama, A.; Slusher, B.S.; Frangioni, J.V. High-affinity near-infrared fluorescent small-molecule contrast agents for in vivo imaging of prostate-specific membrane antigen. Mol. Imaging, 2005, 4(4), 448-462.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7290.2005.05163] [PMID: 16285907]
[100]
Misra, P.; Humblet, V.; Pannier, N.; Maison, W.; Frangioni, J.V. Production of multimeric prostate-specific membrane antigen small-molecule radiotracers using a solid-phase 99mTc preloading strategy. J. Nucl. Med., 2007, 48(8), 1379-1389.
[http://dx.doi.org/dx.doi. org/10.2967/jnumed.107.040303] [PMID: 17631555]
[101]
Hao, G.; Kumar, A.; Dobin, T.; Öz, O.K.; Hsieh, J-T.; Sun, X. A multivalent approach of imaging probe design to overcome an endogenous anion binding competition for noninvasive assessment of prostate specific membrane antigen. Mol. Pharm., 2013, 10(8), 2975-2985.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/mp4000844] [PMID: 23768233]
[102]
Liu, T.; Wu, L.Y.; Kazak, M.; Berkman, C.E. Cell-Surface labeling and internalization by a fluorescent inhibitor of prostate-specific membrane antigen. Prostate, 2008, 68(9), 955-964.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pros.20753] [PMID: 18361407]
[103]
Lapi, S.E.; Wahnishe, H.; Pham, D.; Wu, L.Y.; Nedrow-Byers, J.R.; Liu, T.; Vejdani, K.; VanBrocklin, H.F.; Berkman, C.E.; Jones, E.F. Assessment of an 18F-labeled phosphoramidate peptidomimetic as a new prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted imaging agent for prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2009, 50(12), 2042-2048.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.109.066589] [PMID: 19910433]
[104]
Nedrow-Byers, J.R.; Jabbes, M.; Jewett, C.; Ganguly, T.; He, H.; Liu, T.; Benny, P.; Bryan, J.N.; Berkman, C.E. A phosphoramidate-based prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted SPECT agent. Prostate, 2012, 72(8), 904-912.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pros.21493] [PMID: 22670265]
[105]
Ganguly, T.; Dannoon, S.; Hopkins, M.R.; Murphy, S.; Cahaya, H.; Blecha, J.E.; Jivan, S.; Drake, C.R.; Barinka, C.; Jones, E.F.; VanBrocklin, H.F.; Berkman, C.E. A high-affinity [(18)F]-labeled phosphoramidate peptidomimetic PSMA-targeted inhibitor for PET imaging of prostate cancer. Nucl. Med. Biol., 2015, 42(10), 780-787.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.06.003] [PMID: 26169882]
[106]
Pomper, M.G.; Musachio, J.L.; Zhang, J.; Scheffel, U.; Zhou, Y.; Hilton, J.; Maini, A.; Dannals, R.F.; Wong, D.F.; Kozikowski, A.P. 11C-MCG: synthesis, uptake selectivity, and primate PET of a probe for glutamate carboxypeptidase II (NAALADase). Mol. Imaging, 2002, 1(2), 96-101.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/153535002320162750] [PMID: 12920850]
[107]
Foss, C.A.; Mease, R.C.; Fan, H.; Wang, Y.; Ravert, H.T.; Dannals, R.F.; Olszewski, R.T.; Heston, W.D.; Kozikowski, A.P.; Pomper, M.G. Radiolabeled small-molecule ligands for prostate-specific membrane antigen: in vivo imaging in experimental models of prostate cancer. Clin. Cancer Res., 2005, 11(11), 4022-4028.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-2690] [PMID: 15930336]
[108]
Maresca, K.P.; Hillier, S.M.; Femia, F.J.; Keith, D.; Barone, C.; Joyal, J.L.; Zimmerman, C.N.; Kozikowski, A.P.; Barrett, J.A.; Eckelman, W.C.; Babich, J.W. A series of halogenated heterodimeric inhibitors of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as radiolabeled probes for targeting prostate cancer. J. Med. Chem., 2009, 52(2), 347-357.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm800994j] [PMID: 19111054]
[109]
Barrett, J.A.; Coleman, R.E.; Goldsmith, S.J.; Vallabhajosula, S.; Petry, N.A.; Cho, S.; Armor, T.; Stubbs, J.B.; Maresca, K.P.; Stabin, M.G.; Joyal, J.L.; Eckelman, W.C.; Babich, J.W. First-in-man evaluation of 2 high-affinity PSMA-avid small molecules for imaging prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2013, 54(3), 380-387.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.112.111203] [PMID: 23303962]
[110]
Hillier, S.M.; Maresca, K.P.; Femia, F.J.; Marquis, J.C.; Foss, C.A.; Nguyen, N.; Zimmerman, C.N.; Barrett, J.A.; Eckelman, W.C.; Pomper, M.G.; Joyal, J.L.; Babich, J.W. Preclinical evaluation of novel glutamate-urea-lysine analogues that target prostate-specific membrane antigen as molecular imaging pharmaceuticals for prostate cancer. Cancer Res., 2009, 69(17), 6932-6940.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-1682] [PMID: 19706750]
[111]
Hillier, S.M.; Maresca, K.P.; Lu, G.; Merkin, R.D.; Marquis, J.C.; Zimmerman, C.N.; Eckelman, W.C.; Joyal, J.L.; Babich, J.W. 99mTc-labeled small-molecule inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen for molecular imaging of prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2013, 54(8), 1369-1376.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.112.116624] [PMID: 23733925]
[112]
Vallabhajosula, S.; Nikolopoulou, A.; Babich, J.W.; Osborne, J.R.; Tagawa, S.T.; Lipai, I.; Solnes, L.; Maresca, K.P.; Armor, T.; Joyal, J.L.; Crummet, R.; Stubbs, J.B.; Goldsmith, S.J. 99mTc-labeled small-molecule inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen: pharmacokinetics and biodistribution studies in healthy subjects and patients with metastatic prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2014, 55(11), 1791-1798.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.114.140426] [PMID: 25342385]
[113]
Goffin, K.E.; Joniau, S.; Tenke, P.; Slawin, K.; Klein, E.A.; Stambler, N.; Strack, T.; Babich, J.; Armor, T.; Wong, V. Phase 2 study of 99mTc-trofolastat SPECT/CT to Identify and Localize Prostate Cancer in Intermediate- and high-risk patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and extended pelvic LN dissection. J. Nucl. Med., 2017, 58(9), 1408-1413.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.116.187807] [PMID: 28302763]
[114]
Reinfelder, J.; Kuwert, T.; Beck, M.; Sanders, J.C.; Ritt, P.; Schmidkonz, C.; Hennig, P.; Prante, O.; Uder, M.; Wullich, B.; Goebell, P. First experience with SPECT/CT Using a 99mTc-labeled inhibitor for prostate-specific membrane antigen in patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med., 2017, 42(1), 26-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000-000001433] [PMID: 27775936]
[115]
Schmidkonz, C.; Cordes, M.; Beck, M.; Goetz, T.I.; Schmidt, D.; Prante, O.; Bäuerle, T.; Cavallaro, A.; Uder, M.; Wullich, B.; Goebell, P.; Kuwert, T.; Ritt, P. Assessment of Treatment Response by 99mTc-MIP-1404 SPECT/CT: A pilot study in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med., 2018, 43(8), e250-e258.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/RLU.0000000000002162] [PMID: 29916921]
[116]
Schmidkonz, C.; Cordes, M.; Beck, M.; Goetz, T.I.; Schmidt, D.; Prante, O.; Bäuerle, T.; Uder, M.; Wullich, B.; Goebell, P.; Kuwert, T.; Ritt, P. SPECT/CT With the PSMA Ligand 99mTc-MIP-1404 for whole-body primary staging of patients with prostate cancer. Clin. Nucl. Med., 2018, 43(4), 225-231.
[PMID: 29401151]
[117]
Schmidkonz, C.; Hollweg, C.; Beck, M.; Reinfelder, J.; Goetz, T.I.; Sanders, J.C.; Schmidt, D.; Prante, O.; Bäuerle, T.; Cavallaro, A.; Uder, M.; Wullich, B.; Goebell, P.; Kuwert, T.; Ritt, P. 99m Tc-MIP-1404-SPECT/CT for the detection of PSMA-positive lesions in 225 patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Prostate, 2018, 78(1), 54-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pros.23444] [PMID: 29105797]
[118]
Sumith, A.; Kularatne, Z.Z.; Jun, Y.; Carol, B.; Post, L.P.S. Design, synthesis, and preclinical evaluation of prostate-specific membrane antigen targeted 99mTc-Radioimaging Agents. Mol. Pharm., 2009, 6(3), 790-800.
[119]
Mease, R.C.; Dusich, C.L.; Foss, C.A.; Ravert, H.T.; Dannals, R.F.; Seidel, J.; Prideaux, A.; Fox, J.J.; Sgouros, G.; Kozikowski, A.P.; Pomper, M.G.N. -[N-[(S)-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl]carbamoyl]-4-[18F]fluorobenzyl-L-cysteine, [18F]DCFBC: A new imaging probe for prostate cancer. Clin. Cancer Res., 2008, 14(10), 3036-3043.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1517] [PMID: 18483369]
[120]
Cho, S.Y.; Gage, K.L.; Mease, R.C.; Senthamizhchelvan, S.; Holt, D.P.; Jeffrey-Kwanisai, A.; Endres, C.J.; Dannals, R.F.; Sgouros, G.; Lodge, M.; Eisenberger, M.A.; Rodriguez, R.; Carducci, M.A.; Rojas, C.; Slusher, B.S.; Kozikowski, A.P.; Pomper, M.G. Biodistribution, tumor detection, and radiation dosimetry of 18F-DCFBC, a low-molecular-weight inhibitor of prostate-specific membrane antigen, in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2012, 53(12), 1883-1891.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.112.104661] [PMID: 23203246]
[121]
Rowe, S.P.; Macura, K.J.; Ciarallo, A.; Mena, E.; Blackford, A.; Nadal, R.; Antonarakis, E.S.; Eisenberger, M.A.; Carducci, M.A.; Ross, A.E.; Kantoff, P.W.; Holt, D.P.; Dannals, R.F.; Mease, R.C.; Pomper, M.G.; Cho, S.Y. Comparison of prostate-specific membrane antigen-based 18F-DCFBC PET/CT to conventional imaging modalities for detection of hormone-naïve and castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2016, 57(1), 46-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.163782] [PMID: 26493203]
[122]
Rowe, S.P.; Gage, K.L.; Faraj, S.F.; Macura, K.J.; Cornish, T.C.; Gonzalez-Roibon, N.; Guner, G.; Munari, E.; Partin, A.W.; Pavlovich, C.P.; Han, M.; Carter, H.B.; Bivalacqua, T.J.; Blackford, A.; Holt, D.; Dannals, R.F.; Netto, G.J.; Lodge, M.A.; Mease, R.C.; Pomper, M.G.; Cho, S.Y. 18F-DCFBC PET/CT for PSMA-based detection and characterization of primary prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2015, 56(7), 1003-1010.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.154336] [PMID: 26069305]
[123]
Harmon, S.A.; Bergvall, E.; Mena, E.; Shih, J.H.; Adler, S.; McKinney, Y.; Mehralivand, S.; Citrin, D.E.; Couvillon, A.; Madan, R.A.; Gulley, J.L.; Mease, R.C.; Jacobs, P.M.; Pomper, M.G.; Turkbey, B.; Choyke, P.L.; Lindenberg, M.L. A prospective comparison of 18F-sodium fluoride PET/CT and PSMA-Targeted 18F-DCFBC PET/CT in metastatic prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2018, 59(11), 1665-1671.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.117.207373] [PMID: 29602821]
[124]
Mena, E.; Lindenberg, M.L.; Shih, J.H.; Adler, S.; Harmon, S.; Bergvall, E.; Citrin, D.; Dahut, W.; Ton, A.T.; McKinney, Y.; Weaver, J.; Eclarinal, P.; Forest, A.; Afari, G.; Bhattacharyya, S.; Mease, R.C.; Merino, M.J.; Pinto, P.; Wood, B.J.; Jacobs, P.; Pomper, M.G.; Choyke, P.L.; Turkbey, B. Clinical impact of PSMA-based 18F-DCFBC PET/CT imaging in patients with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer after primary local therapy. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2018, 45(1), 4-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-017-3818-x] [PMID: 28894899]
[125]
Chen, Y.; Pullambhatla, M.; Foss, C.A.; Byun, Y.; Nimmagadda, S.; Senthamizhchelvan, S.; Sgouros, G.; Mease, R.C.; Pomper, M.G. 2-(3-1-Carboxy-5-[(6-[18F]fluoro-pyridine-3-carbonyl)-amino]-pentyl-ureido)-pentanedioic acid, [18F]DCFPyL, a PSMA-based PET imaging agent for prostate cancer. Clin. Cancer Res., 2011, 17(24), 7645-7653.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-1357] [PMID: 22042970]
[126]
Szabo, Z.; Mena, E.; Rowe, S.P.; Plyku, D.; Nidal, R.; Eisenberger, M.A.; Antonarakis, E.S.; Fan, H.; Dannals, R.F.; Chen, Y.; Mease, R.C.; Vranesic, M.; Bhatnagar, A.; Sgouros, G.; Cho, S.Y.; Pomper, M.G. Initial evaluation of [(18)F]DCFPyL for prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted PET imaging of prostate cancer. Mol. Imaging Biol., 2015, 17(4), 565-574.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-015-0850-8] [PMID: 25896814]
[127]
Rowe, S.P.; Macura, K.J.; Mena, E.; Blackford, A.L.; Nadal, R.; Antonarakis, E.S.; Eisenberger, M.; Carducci, M.; Fan, H.; Dannals, R.F.; Chen, Y.; Mease, R.C.; Szabo, Z.; Pomper, M.G.; Cho, S.Y. PSMA-Based [(18)F]DCFPyL PET/CT Is superior to conventional imaging for lesion detection in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Mol. Imaging Biol., 2016, 18(3), 411-419.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-016-0957-6] [PMID: 27080322]
[128]
Chen, Y.; Lisok, A.; Chatterjee, S.; Wharram, B.; Pullambhatla, M.; Wang, Y.; Sgouros, G.; Mease, R.C.; Pomper, M.G. [(18)F]fluoroethyl triazole substituted PSMA inhibitor exhibiting rapid normal organ clearance. Bioconjug. Chem., 2016, 27(7), 1655-1662.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00195] [PMID: 27270097]
[129]
Cardinale, J.; Schäfer, M.; Benešová, M.; Bauder-Wüst, U.; Leotta, K.; Eder, M.; Neels, O.C.; Haberkorn, U.; Giesel, F.L.; Kopka, K. Preclinical evaluation of 18F-PSMA-1007, A new prostate-specific membrane antigen ligand for prostate cancer imaging. J. Nucl. Med., 2017, 58(3), 425-431.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.116.181768] [PMID: 27789722]
[130]
Rahbar, K.; Afshar-Oromieh, A.; Seifert, R.; Wagner, S.; Schäfers, M.; Bögemann, M.; Weckesser, M. Diagnostic performance of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in patients with biochemical recurrent prostate cancer. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2018, 45(12), 2055-2061.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-018-4089-x] [PMID: 30027419]
[131]
Giesel, F.L.; Knorr, K.; Spohn, F.; Will, L.; Maurer, T.; Flechsig, P.; Neels, O.; Schiller, K.; Amaral, H.; Weber, W.; Schwaiger, M.; Hohenfellner, M.; Kratochwil, C.; Debus, J.; Haberkorn, U.; Choyke, P.; Kramer, V.; Kopka, K.; Eiber, M. Detection efficacy of 18F PSMA-1007 PET/CT in 251 Patients with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. J. Nucl. Med., 2018.
[PMID: 30042163]
[132]
Giesel, F.L.; Will, L.; Lawal, I.; Lengana, T.; Kratochwil, C.; Vorster, M.; Neels, O.; Reyneke, F.; Haberkon, U.; Kopka, K.; Sathekge, M. Intraindividual Comparison of 18F-PSMA-1007 and 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT in the prospective evaluation of patients with newly diagnosed prostate carcinoma: A pilot study. J. Nucl. Med., 2018, 59(7), 1076-1080.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.117.204669] [PMID: 29269569]
[133]
Giesel, F.L.; Hadaschik, B.; Cardinale, J.; Radtke, J.; Vinsensia, M.; Lehnert, W.; Kesch, C.; Tolstov, Y.; Singer, S.; Grabe, N.; Duensing, S.; Schäfer, M.; Neels, O.C.; Mier, W.; Haberkorn, U.; Kopka, K.; Kratochwil, C. F-18 labelled PSMA-1007: biodistribution, radiation dosimetry and histopathological validation of tumor lesions in prostate cancer patients. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2017, 44(4), 678-688.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-016-3573-4] [PMID: 27889802]
[134]
Schäfer, M.; Bauder-Wüst, U.; Leotta, K.; Zoller, F.; Mier, W.; Haberkorn, U.; Eisenhut, M.; Eder, M. A dimerized urea-based inhibitor of the prostate-specific membrane antigen for 68Ga-PET imaging of prostate cancer. EJNMMI Res., 2012, 2(1), 23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2191-219X-2-23] [PMID: 22673157]
[135]
Afshar-Oromieh, A.; Haberkorn, U.; Eder, M.; Eisenhut, M.; Zechmann, C.M. [68Ga]Gallium-labelled PSMA ligand as superior PET tracer for the diagnosis of prostate cancer: comparison with 18F-FECH. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2012, 39(6), 1085-1086.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-012-2069-0] [PMID: 22310854]
[136]
Afshar-Oromieh, A.; Avtzi, E.; Giesel, F.L.; Holland-Letz, T.; Linhart, H.G.; Eder, M.; Eisenhut, M.; Boxler, S.; Hadaschik, B.A.; Kratochwil, C.; Weichert, W.; Kopka, K.; Debus, J.; Haberkorn, U. The diagnostic value of PET/CT imaging with the (68)Ga-labelled PSMA ligand HBED-CC in the diagnosis of recurrent prostate cancer. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2015, 42(2), 197-209.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-014-2949-6] [PMID: 25411132]
[137]
Afshar-Oromieh, A.; Holland-Letz, T.; Giesel, F.L.; Kratochwil, C.; Mier, W.; Haufe, S.; Debus, N.; Eder, M.; Eisenhut, M.; Schäfer, M.; Neels, O.; Hohenfellner, M.; Kopka, K.; Kauczor, H-U.; Debus, J.; Haberkorn, U. Diagnostic performance of 68Ga-PSMA-11 (HBED-CC) PET/CT in patients with recurrent prostate cancer: evaluation in 1007 patients. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2017, 44(8), 1258-1268.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-017-3711-7] [PMID: 28497198]
[138]
Afshar-Oromieh, A.; Zechmann, C.M.; Malcher, A.; Eder, M.; Eisenhut, M.; Linhart, H.G.; Holland-Letz, T.; Hadaschik, B.A.; Giesel, F.L.; Debus, J.; Haberkorn, U. Comparison of PET imaging with a (68)Ga-labelled PSMA ligand and (18)F-choline-based PET/CT for the diagnosis of recurrent prostate cancer. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2014, 41(1), 11-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-013-2525-5] [PMID: 24072344]
[139]
Pfister, D.; Porres, D.; Heidenreich, A.; Heidegger, I.; Knuechel, R.; Steib, F.; Behrendt, F.F.; Verburg, F.A. Detection of recurrent prostate cancer lesions before salvage lymphadenectomy is more accurate with (68)Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC than with (18)F-Fluoroethylcholine PET/CT. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2016, 43(8), 1410-1417.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-016-3366-9] [PMID: 26993315]
[140]
Schwenck, J.; Rempp, H.; Reischl, G.; Kruck, S.; Stenzl, A.; Nikolaou, K.; Pfannenberg, C.; la Fougère, C. Comparison of 68Ga-labelled PSMA-11 and 11C-choline in the detection of prostate cancer metastases by PET/CT. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2017, 44(1), 92-101.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-016-3490-6] [PMID: 27557844]
[141]
Dietlein, M.; Kobe, C.; Kuhnert, G.; Stockter, S.; Fischer, T.; Schomäcker, K.; Schmidt, M.; Dietlein, F.; Zlatopolskiy, B.D.; Krapf, P.; Richarz, R.; Neubauer, S.; Drzezga, A.; Neumaier, B. Comparison of [(18)F]DCFPyL and [ (68)Ga]Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC for PSMA-PET Imaging in Patients with Relapsed Prostate Cancer. Mol. Imaging Biol., 2015, 17(4), 575-584.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-015-0866-0] [PMID: 26013479]
[142]
Banerjee, S.R.; Pullambhatla, M.; Byun, Y.; Nimmagadda, S.; Green, G.; Fox, J.J.; Horti, A.; Mease, R.C.; Pomper, M.G. 68Ga-labeled inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) for imaging prostate cancer. J. Med. Chem., 2010, 53(14), 5333-5341.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm100623e] [PMID: 20568777]
[143]
Weineisen, M.; Simecek, J.; Schottelius, M.; Schwaiger, M.; Wester, H-J. Synthesis and preclinical evaluation of DOTAGA-conjugated PSMA ligands for functional imaging and endoradiotherapy of prostate cancer. EJNMMI Res., 2014, 4(1), 63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13550-014-0063-1] [PMID: 26116124]
[144]
Weineisen, M.; Schottelius, M.; Simecek, J.; Baum, R.P.; Yildiz, A.; Beykan, S.; Kulkarni, H.R.; Lassmann, M.; Klette, I.; Eiber, M.; Schwaiger, M.; Wester, H-J. 68Ga- and 177Lu-Labeled PSMA I&T: Optimization of a PSMA-targeted theranostic concept and first proof-of-concept human studies. J. Nucl. Med., 2015, 56(8), 1169-1176.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.158550] [PMID: 26089548]
[145]
Berliner, C.; Tienken, M.; Frenzel, T.; Kobayashi, Y.; Helberg, A.; Kirchner, U.; Klutmann, S.; Beyersdorff, D.; Budäus, L.; Wester, H.J.; Mester, J.; Bannas, P. Detection rate of PET/CT in patients with biochemical relapse of prostate cancer using [68Ga]PSMA I&T and comparison with published data of [68Ga]PSMA HBED-CC. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2017, 44(4), 670-677.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-016-3572-5] [PMID: 27896369]
[146]
McCarthy, M.; Langton, T.; Kumar, D.; Campbell, A. Comparison of PSMA-HBED and PSMA-I&T as diagnostic agents in prostate carcinoma. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2017, 44(9), 1455-1462.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-017-3699-z] [PMID: 28474140]
[147]
Zechmann, C.M.; Afshar-Oromieh, A.; Armor, T.; Stubbs, J.B.; Mier, W.; Hadaschik, B.; Joyal, J.; Kopka, K.; Debus, J.; Babich, J.W.; Haberkorn, U. Radiation dosimetry and first therapy results with a (124)I/(131)I-labeled small molecule (MIP-1095) targeting PSMA for prostate cancer therapy. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2014, 41(7), 1280-1292.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-014-2713-y] [PMID: 24577951]
[148]
Benešová, M.; Schäfer, M.; Bauder-Wüst, U.; Afshar-Oromieh, A.; Kratochwil, C.; Mier, W.; Haberkorn, U.; Kopka, K.; Eder, M. Preclinical Evaluation of a Tailor-Made DOTA-Conjugated PSMA inhibitor with optimized linker moiety for imaging and endoradiotherapy of prostate cancer. J. Nucl. Med., 2015, 56(6), 914-920.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.114.147413] [PMID: 25883127]
[149]
Kratochwil, C.; Giesel, F.L.; Eder, M.; Afshar-Oromieh, A.; Benešová, M.; Mier, W.; Kopka, K.; Haberkorn, U. [177Lu]Lutetium-labelled PSMA ligand-induced remission in a patient with metastatic prostate cancer. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2015, 42(6), 987-988.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-014-2978-1] [PMID: 25573634]
[150]
Hohberg, M.; Eschner, W.; Schmidt, M.; Dietlein, M.; Kobe, C.; Fischer, T.; Drzezga, A.; Wild, M. Lacrimal glands may represent organs at risk for radionuclide therapy of prostate cancer with [177Lu] DKFZ-PSMA-617. Mol. Imaging Biol., 2016, 18(3), 437-445.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11307-016-0942-0] [PMID: 26920354]
[151]
Delker, A.; Fendler, W.P.; Kratochwil, C.; Brunegraf, A.; Gosewisch, A.; Gildehaus, F.J.; Tritschler, S.; Stief, C.G.; Kopka, K.; Haberkorn, U.; Bartenstein, P.; Böning, G. Dosimetry for (177)Lu-DKFZ-PSMA-617: A new radiopharmaceutical for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2016, 43(1), 42-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-015-3174-7] [PMID: 26318602]
[152]
Ahmadzadehfar, H.; Rahbar, K.; Kuerpig, S.; Boegemann, M.; Claesener, M.; Eppard, E.; Gaertner, F.; Rogenhofer, S.; Schaefers, M.; Essler, M. Early side effects and first results of radioligand therapy with Lu-177-DKFZ-617 PSMA of castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer: A two-centre study. EJNMMI Res., 2015, 5, 1-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13550-015-0114-2] [PMID: 25853007]
[153]
Ahmadzadehfar, H.; Eppard, E.; Kürpig, S.; Fimmers, R.; Yordanova, A.; Schlenkhoff, C.D.; Gärtner, F.; Rogenhofer, S.; Essler, M. Therapeutic response and side effects of repeated radioligand therapy with 177Lu-PSMA-DKFZ-617 of castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. Oncotarget, 2016, 7(11), 12477-12488.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.7245] [PMID: 26871285]
[154]
Baum, R.P.; Kulkarni, H.R.; Schuchardt, C.; Singh, A.; Wirtz, M.; Wiessalla, S.; Schottelius, M.; Mueller, D.; Klette, I.; Wester, H-J. 177Lu-Labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Safety and efficacy. J. Nucl. Med., 2016, 57(7), 1006-1013.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.168443] [PMID: 26795286]
[155]
Heck, M.M.; Retz, M.; D’Alessandria, C.; Rauscher, I.; Scheidhauer, K.; Maurer, T.; Storz, E.; Janssen, F.; Schottelius, M.; Wester, H.J.; Gschwend, J.E.; Schwaiger, M.; Tauber, R.; Eiber, M. Systemic radioligand therapy with (177)lu labeled prostate specific membrane antigen ligand for imaging and therapy in patients with metastatic Castration resistant prostate cancer. J. Urol., 2016, 196(2), 382-391.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2969] [PMID: 26964917]
[156]
Okamoto, S.; Thieme, A.; Allmann, J.; D’Alessandria, C.; Maurer, T.; Retz, M.; Tauber, R.; Heck, M.M.; Wester, H.J.; Tamaki, N.; Fendler, W.P.; Herrmann, K.; Pfob, C.H.; Scheidhauer, K.; Schwaiger, M.; Ziegler, S.; Eiber, M. Radiation Dosimetry for 177Lu-PSMA I&T in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: absorbed dose in normal organs and tumor lesions. J. Nucl. Med., 2017, 58(3), 445-450.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.116.178483] [PMID: 27660138]
[157]
Kratochwil, C.; Giesel, F.L.; Stefanova, M.; Benešová, M.; Bronzel, M.; Afshar-Oromieh, A.; Mier, W.; Eder, M.; Kopka, K.; Haberkorn, U. PSMA-Targeted radionuclide therapy of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with 177Lu-Labeled PSMA-617. J. Nucl. Med., 2016, 57(8), 1170-1176.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.171397] [PMID: 26985056]
[158]
Heck, M.M.; Tauber, R.; Schwaiger, S.; Retz, M.; D’Alessandria, C.; Maurer, T.; Gafita, A.; Wester, H-J.; Gschwend, J.E.; Weber, W.A.; Schwaiger, M.; Knorr, K.; Eiber, M. treatment outcome, toxicity, and predictive factors for radioligand therapy with 177Lu- PSMA-I&T in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer. Eur. Urol., 2018, S0302-2838(18)30873-X.
[PMID: 30473431]
[159]
Kiess, A.P.; Minn, I.; Vaidyanathan, G.; Hobbs, R.F.; Josefsson, A.; Shen, C.; Brummet, M.; Chen, Y.; Choi, J.; Koumarianou, E.; Baidoo, K.; Brechbiel, M.W.; Mease, R.C.; Sgouros, G.; Zalutsky, M.R.; Pomper, M.G. (2S)-2-(3-(1-Carboxy-5-(4-211At-Astatobenzamido)Pentyl)Ureido)-pentanedioic acid for PSMA-Targeted α-particle radiopharmaceutical therapy. J. Nucl. Med., 2016, 57(10), 1569-1575.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.116. 174300] [PMID: 27230930]
[160]
Kratochwil, C.; Bruchertseifer, F.; Rathke, H.; Bronzel, M.; Apostolidis, C.; Weichert, W.; Haberkorn, U.; Giesel, F.L.; Morgenstern, A. Targeted a-therapy of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with 225Ac-PSMA-617: dosimetry estimate and empiric dose finding. J. Nucl. Med., 2017, 58(10), 1624-1631.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.117.191395] [PMID: 28408529]
[161]
Kratochwil, C.; Bruchertseifer, F.; Rathke, H.; Hohenfellner, M.; Giesel, F.L.; Haberkorn, U.; Morgenstern, A. Targeted α-Therapy of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with 225Ac-PSMA-617: Swimmer-Plot analysis suggests efficacy regarding duration of tumor control. J. Nucl. Med., 2018, 59(5), 795-802.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.117.203539] [PMID: 29326358]
[162]
Sathekge, M.; Knoesen, O.; Meckel, M.; Modiselle, M.; Vorster, M.; Marx, S. 213Bi-PSMA-617 targeted alpha-radionuclide therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging, 2017, 44(6), 1099-1100.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00259-017-3657-9] [PMID: 28255795]
[163]
Weineisen, M.; Schottelius, M.; Simecek, J.; Baum, R.P.; Yildiz, A.; Beykan, S.; Kulkarni, H.R.; Lassmann, M.; Klette, I.; Eiber, M.; Schwaiger, M.; Wester, H.J. 68Ga- and 177Lu-Labeled PSMA I&T: Optimization of a PSMA-targeted theranostic concept and first proof-of-concept human studies. J. Nucl. Med., 2015, 56(8), 1169-1176.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.158550] [PMID: 26089548]