Generic placeholder image

Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews

Author(s): Amanda Patricia Sales, Tatiana Paula Santana da Silva*, Everton Botelho Sougey and José Waldo Saraiva Câmara Filho

DOI: 10.2174/1573400515666190114155014

DownloadDownload PDF Flyer Cite As
Psychopathological and Psychosocial Repercussions of Suicide in the Family

Page: [3 - 10] Pages: 8

  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Background: Although the relationship between the occurrence of suicide and the presence of psychosocial suffering in bereaved relatives is clear, there are still few studies that deal with the detail of these repercussions and the therapeutic conduction given to them for the suicide.

Objective: to carry out an integrative review on the psychopathological and psychosocial repercussions of suicide in the family, with emphasis on the detail of the main psychopathological characteristics presented by the individuals and the psychosocial impacts of mourning.

Method: An integrative review was performed. The guiding question considered Population Intervention Comparator Outcome Setting and the revision protocol is in agreement with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes. The search occurred in the bases: Periodicals CAPES, PsycINFO and PubMed. Original articles were included, without language restriction that emphasized psychopathological and psychosocial aspects of the mourners after suicide. We excluded review studies, clinical cases, editorials and retrospectives.

Results: The process of suicide mourning for family members is a complex event, marked by stigma and can predispose patients to mental illness and suicidal behavior, especially in the early years of mourning. In addition, it is necessary to expand the scope of evidence on the effectiveness of support and intervention with this population.

Conclusion: Bereaved families need specialized preventive support insofar as the complexity of bereavement becomes a vulnerability factor for mental illness.

Keywords: Suicide, bereavement, family, psychopathology, social stigma, psychotherapy.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
World Health Organization, 2014. [Accessed in 20/05/2018]. Available from. https: //www.who.int/
[2]
Mathers CD, Bernard C, Iburg KM. Global burden of disease in 2002: Data sources, methods and results. Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy discussion paper no 54. Geneva, Switzerland. Geneva: World Health Organization Publications. 2003.
[3]
Mathers CD, Loncar D. Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLoS Med 2006; 3(11): e442.
[4]
Saxena S, Krug E. Mental Health Action Plan 2013-2020 Geneva: World Health Organization Publications 2013.
[5]
Ministry of Health, 2017. [Accessed on 20/05/2018]. Available from. portalms.saude.gov.br
[6]
Imaz JAG. Familia, suicidio y duelo. Rev Colomb Psiquiatr 2013; 43(S1): 71-9.
[7]
Cain AC. Survivors of suicide. Springfield: Charles C Thomas Publishers 1972.
[8]
Pérez Barrero SA, Mosquera D. El suicidio: Prevención y manejo. Galicia: Ediciones Pléyades 2006.
[9]
Quinland-Davidson M, Sanhueza A, Espinosa I, Escamilla-Cejudo JA, Maddaleno M. Suicide among young people in the Americas. J Adolesc Health Aug 2014; 54(3): 262-8.
[10]
Erlangsen A, Runeson B, Bolton JM, et al. Association between spousal suicide and mental, physical, and social health outcomes: A longitudinal and nationwide register-based study. JAMA Psychiatry 2017; 74: 456-64.
[11]
Kolves K, De Leo D. Suicide bereavement: Piloting a longitudinal study in Australia. BMJ Open 2018; 8(1): e019504.
[12]
University of York. Centre for reviews and dissemination Systematic reviews: CRD’s guidance for undertaking reviews in health care. York, UK: University of York 2009.
[13]
Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med 2009; 6: e1000100.
[14]
Tidemalm D, Runeson B, Waern M, et al. Familial clustering of suicide risk: a total population study of 11.4 million individuals. Psychol Med 2011; 41(12): 2527-34.
[15]
Spillane A, Matyenko-Sikar K, Larkin C, Corcoran P, Arensman E. What are the physical and psychological health effects of suicide bereavement on family members? An observational and interview mixed-methods study in Ireland. BMJ Open 2018; 8(1): e019472.
[16]
Matlin SL, Molock SD, Tebes JK. Suicidality and depression among african american adolescents: the role of family and peer support and community connectedness. Am J Orthopsychiatry 2011; 81(1): 108-17.
[17]
Mai‐Britt G, Maiken ISK, Morten FG, et al. Risk of suicide, deliberate self‐harm and psychiatric illness after the loss of a close relative: a nationwide cohort study. World Psychiatry 2017; 16(2): 193-9.
[18]
Campos RC, Tavares S. Suicidal ideation and distress in family members. Bereaved by suicide in Portugal. Department of Psychology and Research Center on Education and Psychology. J Loss Trauma 2015; 39: 332-41.
[19]
Pitman A, Osborn D, King M, Erlangsen A. Effects of suicide bereavement on mental health and suicide risk. Lancet Psychiatry 2014; 1(1): 86-94.
[20]
Mcgirra A, Martin A, Séguin M, Cabot S, Lesage A, Turecki G. Familial aggregation of suicide explained by cluster B traits: a three-group family study of suicide controlling for major depressive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2009; 166(10): 1124-34.
[21]
Dyregrov K, Nordanger D, Dyregrov A. Predictors of psychosocial distress after suicide, SIDS and accidents. Death Studies Death Stud 2003; 27(2): 143-65.
[22]
Rodante D, Rojas SM, Feldner MT, et al. Differences between female suicidal patients with family history of suicide attempt and family history of completed suicide. Compr Psychiatry 2016; 70: 25-31.
[23]
Lopez-Castroman J, Jaussent I, Beziat S, et al. Suicidal phenotypes associated with family history of suicidal behavior and early traumatic experiences. J Affect Disord 2012; 142(1-3): 193-9.
[24]
Foggin E, Mcdonnel S, Cordingley L, Navneet K, Shaw J. Chew-Graham. GP’s experiences of dealing with parents bereaved by suicide: a qualitative study. Br J Gen Pract 2016; 66(651): 737-46.
[25]
Mitchell AM, Sakraida TJ, Kim Y, Bullian L, Chiappetta L. Depression, anxiety and quality of life in suicide survivors: a comparison of close and distant relationships. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2009; 23(1): 2-10.
[26]
Jordan JR. Bereavement after suicide. Psychiatr Ann 2008; 38(10): 679-85.
[27]
Bolton JM, Gunnel D, Turecki G. Suicide risk assessment and intervention in people with mental illness. BMJ 2015; 351: h4978.
[28]
Tidemalm D, Haglund A, Karanti A, Landén M, Runeson B. Attempted suicide in bipolar disorder: risk factors in a cohort of 6086 patients. PLoS One 2014; 9(4): e94097.
[29]
Hunter BA, Mohatt NV, Prince DM, Thompson AB, Matlin SL, Tebes JK. Socio-psychological mediators of the relationship between behavioral health stigma and psychiatric symptoms. Soc Sci Med 2017; 181: 177-83.
[30]
Geulayov G, Gunnell D, Holmen TL, Metcalfe C. The association of parental fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour with offspring suicidal behaviour and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2012; 42(8): 1567-80.
[31]
Pitman A, Rantell K, Marston L, King M, Osborn D. Perceived stigma of sudden bereavement as a risk factor for suicidal thoughts and suicide attempt: analysis of British cross-sectional survey data on 3387 young bereaved adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14(3): 286.
[32]
McGirr A, Jollant F, Turecki G. Neurocognitive alterations in first degree relatives of suicide completers. J Affect Disord 2013; 145(2): 264-9.
[33]
Sveen C, Walby FA. Suicide survivors’ mental health and grief reactions: a systematic review of controlled studies. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2008; 38(1): 13-29.
[34]
Pitman A, Osborn D, King M, Erlangsen A. Effects of suicide bereavement on mental health and suicide risk. Lancet Psychiatry 2014; (1): 86-94.
[35]
Kõlves K, De Leo D. Suicide rates in children aged 10-14 years worldwide: changes in the past two decades. Br J Psychiatry 2014; 205(4): 283-5.
[36]
Murray CL, Lopez AD. The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries, and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press 1996.
[37]
Cerel J, Jordan R, Duberstein PR. The impact of suicide on the family. Crisis 2008; 29(1): 38-44.
[38]
Bolton JM, Au W, Leslie W, et al. Parents bereaved by offspring suicide. JAMA Psychiatry 2013; 70(2): 158.