Author(s): Willam M. Shafer, Samuel Katzif, Samera Bowers, Michael Fallon, M. Hubalek, M. S. Reed, P. Veprek and J. Pohl
Page: [695 - 702] Pages: 8
* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)
Neutrophils contain several cationic antimicrobial proteins or peptides (CAPs) that exert antibiotic-like action against bacteria. These host-derived antibiotics kill susceptible bacteria by oxygen-independent mechanisms. Considerable interest in their activity has been generated in recent years due not only to their likely important role in innate host defense against infection, but also their possible use as therapeutic agents in treating infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. We have studied the antibacterial properties of human lysosomal cathepsin G (cat G). This highly cationic serine protease contains at least three antibacterial regions that by themselves can exert antibacterial action against Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Only one of these peptides, defined by residues 117-136 of full-length cat G, has bactericidal action against Gram-positive pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus. Due to the broad-spectrum antibacterial action of this peptide, we have sought to define the amino acids within its primary sequence required for this activity and have developed variants with improved activity. This review emphasizes the importance of both cationicity and hydrophobicity as necessary characteristics for the antibacterial action of CAPs. It also proposes the strategy that naturally occurring large human CAPs can be dissected to smaller CAPs and then modified to enhance their activity in vitro. This approach could prove beneficial to those interested in developing antimicrobial peptides as therapeutic agents.
Keywords: Antibacterial Peptide, Lysosomal Cathepsin G, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), antimicrobial protein, listeria monocytogenes, capnocytophaga sputigena, cathepsin, peptidoglycan
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CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316430355 and j.to_ip >=316430355 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736967994 and j.to_date >= 1736967994 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 9502)
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select * from `article` where `first_page` < '695' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 1764 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
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select * from `article` where `last_page` > '702' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 1764 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
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select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
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select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
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select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 9502 limit 1
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select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 29 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1736967994 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1736967994 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
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select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='7128c0c8d6fa0da7bde7e054e61476f6'
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200
[]
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