Abstract

Sarcopenia, or age-related muscle decline, occurs in most organisms and burdens both human health and the healthcare system. As our population ages, additional options for treating sarcopenia are needed. Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the onset of sarcopenia, so therapies directed at improving mitochondrial function in muscle should be considered. Many naturally-occurring compounds, derived from commonly consumed foods, possess anti-sarcopenic effects, such asnicotinamide riboside, tomatidine, and Urolithin A. These naturally-occurring compounds can improve mitochondrial health and efficiency by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular stress resistance, or mitophagy. Further research should assess whether compounds that improve mitochondrial health can attenuate sarcopenia in humans.

Keywords: Sarcopenia, aging, mitochondria, mitophagy, phytochemical, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.