Abstract

Background: A molecular iodine catalyzed synthesis of quinoxalines with phenylenediamines (1) and epoxides (2), mediated by visible-light under open atmosphere in the absence of a photoredox catalyst, has been developed.

Methods: Good to excellent yield of the desired products was obtained at room temperature. We have also extended our protocol by the utilization of phenacyl bromide (3).

Result: Use of photochemical activated pathway showed a considerable advantage over previously reported methods for the synthesis of highly significant heterocycles.

Keywords: Molecular iodine, quinoxaline, aerobic oxidation, visible-light, light emitting diodes, heterocycles.