Formulation of Saudi Propolis into Biodegradable Chitosan Chips for Vital Pulpotomy

Page: [97 - 109] Pages: 13

  • * (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Background: Propolis has been widely used to treat oral cavity disorders, such as endodontal and periodontal diseases and microbial infections.

Objective: The study aimed at the formulation of commercial Saudi propolis into biodegradable chitosan chips and evaluation of its effectiveness as a pulpotomy agent.

Methods: The standardization of 80% ethanolic propolis extract was performed regarding its total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, quantitative estimation of main polyphenolic constituents and antioxidant activity. Chitosan chips containing propolis extract were prepared by the solvent/ casting method. The investigated variables were % of chitosan polymer (2, 2.5 and 3%), % of plasticizer (1, 5 and 10%) and incorporation of different concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (5, 10 and 20% of polymer weight). The chips were characterized for weight and thickness uniformity, content uniformity, pH, percentage moisture loss, swelling index, tensile strength and in vitro propolis release. The optimal propolis chip formulation was further investigated in dogs regarding the short term response of primary dental pulp to propolis chips compared with the most commonly used formocresol preparation.

Results: The prepared films were flexible and demonstrated satisfactory physicochemical characteristics. The optimal formulation showed an initial release of about 41.7% of the loaded propolis followed by a sustained release extended up to 7 days. The kinetics study demonstrated that propolis release was controlled by Fick´s diffusion. The optimal propolis chip formulation resulted in less pulpal inflammation compared to formocresol, and produced hard tissue formation in all specimens.

Conclusion: Formulation of commercial Saudi propolis as a biodegradable chitosan chip is an effective alternative to the commercially available chemical agents for the treatment of vital pulpotomy.

Keywords: Biodegradable chips, chitosan, flavonoids, propolis, pulpotomy, chemical agents.

Graphical Abstract

Request history8.2.26PHP Version216msRequest Duration27MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[15:56:26] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[15:56:26] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[15:56:26] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/betabenthamscien/public_html/stor...
  • warninglog[15:56:26] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/betabenthamscien/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (87.89ms)time
  • Application (128ms)time
  • 1 x Application (59.34%)
    128ms
    1 x Booting (40.65%)
    87.89ms
    7 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    36 statements were executed, 2 of which were duplicates, 34 unique. Show only duplicated65.35ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59773109','',1,1736178986,1736178986) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1736178986
      930μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('59773109','/article/81258',1,1736178986,1736178986)
      150μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 59773109 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 59773109) limit 1
      4.03msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 59773109
      • 1: 59773109
      • 2: 59773109
      • 3: 59773109
      • 4: 59773109
      • 5: 59773109
      • 6: 59773109
      • 7: 59773109
      • 8: 59773109
      • 9: 59773109
      • 10: 59773109
      • 11: 59773109
      • 12: 59773109
      • 13: 59773109
      • 14: 59773109
      • 15: 59773109
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:63
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=81258
      640μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 18 limit 1
      500μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 18
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=18) and sj.journal_id!=18 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.13msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#198
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:198
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=18) and sj.journal_id!=18 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      920μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#198
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:198
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=18) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.68msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#218
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:218
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=18) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1.5msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#218
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:218
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '81258'
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#85
      Bindings
      • 0: 81258
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:85
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '81258'
      150μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1569
      Bindings
      • 0: 81258
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1569
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs , `au`.*, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '81258' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.61msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 81258
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#113
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:113
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      410μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1959
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1959
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 18 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      19.9msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#295
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:295
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 18 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`last_modified` desc
      7.84msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#527
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:527
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 18 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`last_modified` desc
      6.33msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#527
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:527
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 81258 limit 1
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#743
      Bindings
      • 0: 81258
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:743
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 81258 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#750
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:750
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid article_nid,a.title article_title,j.title journal_title from content_by_diseases cd inner join article a on a.article_id=cd.content_id inner join journal j on j.journal_id=a.journal_id where cd.pid = 295 and cd.sub_disease_id = 610 and content_id!=81258 and cd.content_type = 'article' order by rand() limit 20
      8.64msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#768
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:768
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2098
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 149498 limit 1
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#59
      Bindings
      • 0: 149498
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:59
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#113
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:113
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CDD' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2024
      Bindings
      • 0: CDD
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2024
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '81258' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      310μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '8062' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '2323' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59773109 and j.to_ip >=59773109 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736178986 and j.to_date >= 1736178986 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2323) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59773109 and j.to_ip >=59773109 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736178986 and j.to_date >= 1736178986 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2323) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59773109 and j.to_ip >=59773109 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736178986 and j.to_date >= 1736178986 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2323)
      600μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59773109 and j.to_ip >=59773109 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736178986 and j.to_date >= 1736178986 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 8062) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59773109 and j.to_ip >=59773109 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736178986 and j.to_date >= 1736178986 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 8062) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59773109 and j.to_ip >=59773109 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736178986 and j.to_date >= 1736178986 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 8062)
      500μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59773109 and j.to_ip >=59773109 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736178986 and j.to_date >= 1736178986 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 81258) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59773109 and j.to_ip >=59773109 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736178986 and j.to_date >= 1736178986 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 81258) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59773109 and j.to_ip >=59773109 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1736178986 and j.to_date >= 1736178986 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 81258)
      530μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '97' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 8062 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      460μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1818
      Bindings
      • 0: 97
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1818
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '109' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 8062 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      410μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1830
      Bindings
      • 0: 109
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1830
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      170μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 81258 limit 1
      2.38msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 81258
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 18 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1736178986 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1736178986 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.08msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#189
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 18
      • 3: 1736178986
      • 4: 1736178986
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:189
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='ee0317e33fbc10893ed3c0a89c901733'
      180μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._main_menu:13
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
        _token
        o3cNN3FiNKtmcoGFuEVx2GWE51Ma1qsHUzjHZIRz
        uc_cart_id
        ee0317e33fbc10893ed3c0a89c901733
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://beta.benthamscience.com/article/81258" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/81258
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "beta.benthamscience.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 06 Jan 2025 15:56:26 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im9YM3FHdmlMV1RwT1l2aVg0clBhUmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib2JBQWhKSDhmOXlaWkZyQ3N3Uktpc2N6bCtHQ1lhRmRUakJySk9aeVI5TUcxMitra21ldmliZmlYMlhtSS9aQ002emVqSFQ1TVhUbk9RRU5xQVVGdE4ydHBiYkpUQ08xK2xDZHpzcVk1ZWFMODFIQjBFcFc2eGxjMm9WeENZOW8iLCJtYWMiOiI1M2ZkYzlhMmExYjQzOTM4NjAxOWJmMTgzNGM1YmE1MWQ1OWEyYTcyNzNmNmI3MzVhZjk2ZTAxOWY3YWEyZTVlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 09 Jan 2025 03:56:26 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=strictXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im9YM3FHdmlMV1RwT1l2aVg0clBhUmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib2JBQWhKSDhmOXlaWkZyQ3N3Uktpc2N6bCtHQ1lhRmRUakJySk9aeVI5TUcxMitra21ldmliZmlYMlhtSS9aQ002emVqS" 1 => "eurekaselectnew_session=eyJpdiI6InJOWE8vdmUrcEdPVDc3VmtQMURpcHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiamxiOERZaWVIWEUrak8wZEsrbm5LZkJIVjI2QjdiNXl2SHBnSGNjajlEbnR5L3BjUlBVSHo3S0ZSSlN1WWVmdUdveGdvVVRaVXRac0ZoR1FlZFFyTFFkWTkydjQ0N1JZUC92ZERCdWRxR045eEpUOWdwc1FJQkNVM3RFVGJVbnMiLCJtYWMiOiI5NmU5M2E4Y2NhZTU2NGJhYWU3ZmMzNDVhZDNjN2U1N2E0YmNjODI2MDEzNWMxZjJkMDUxN2M4ZjczZDZkNWRhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=stricteurekaselectnew_session=eyJpdiI6InJOWE8vdmUrcEdPVDc3VmtQMURpcHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiamxiOERZaWVIWEUrak8wZEsrbm5LZkJIVjI2QjdiNXl2SHBnSGNjajlEbnR5L3BjUlBVSHo3S0ZSSlN1" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im9YM3FHdmlMV1RwT1l2aVg0clBhUmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib2JBQWhKSDhmOXlaWkZyQ3N3Uktpc2N6bCtHQ1lhRmRUakJySk9aeVI5TUcxMitra21ldmliZmlYMlhtSS9aQ002emVqSFQ1TVhUbk9RRU5xQVVGdE4ydHBiYkpUQ08xK2xDZHpzcVk1ZWFMODFIQjBFcFc2eGxjMm9WeENZOW8iLCJtYWMiOiI1M2ZkYzlhMmExYjQzOTM4NjAxOWJmMTgzNGM1YmE1MWQ1OWEyYTcyNzNmNmI3MzVhZjk2ZTAxOWY3YWEyZTVlIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 09-Jan-2025 03:56:26 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6Im9YM3FHdmlMV1RwT1l2aVg0clBhUmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoib2JBQWhKSDhmOXlaWkZyQ3N3Uktpc2N6bCtHQ1lhRmRUakJySk9aeVI5TUcxMitra21ldmliZmlYMlhtSS9aQ002emVqS" 1 => "eurekaselectnew_session=eyJpdiI6InJOWE8vdmUrcEdPVDc3VmtQMURpcHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiamxiOERZaWVIWEUrak8wZEsrbm5LZkJIVjI2QjdiNXl2SHBnSGNjajlEbnR5L3BjUlBVSHo3S0ZSSlN1WWVmdUdveGdvVVRaVXRac0ZoR1FlZFFyTFFkWTkydjQ0N1JZUC92ZERCdWRxR045eEpUOWdwc1FJQkNVM3RFVGJVbnMiLCJtYWMiOiI5NmU5M2E4Y2NhZTU2NGJhYWU3ZmMzNDVhZDNjN2U1N2E0YmNjODI2MDEzNWMxZjJkMDUxN2M4ZjczZDZkNWRhIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyeurekaselectnew_session=eyJpdiI6InJOWE8vdmUrcEdPVDc3VmtQMURpcHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiamxiOERZaWVIWEUrak8wZEsrbm5LZkJIVjI2QjdiNXl2SHBnSGNjajlEbnR5L3BjUlBVSHo3S0ZSSlN1" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "o3cNN3FiNKtmcoGFuEVx2GWE51Ma1qsHUzjHZIRz" "uc_cart_id" => "ee0317e33fbc10893ed3c0a89c901733" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://beta.benthamscience.com/article/81258" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-01-06 15:56:26GET/article/8125847361