Abstract

Background: Proliferation of the smooth muscle and epithelial cells within the prostatic transition zone in older men leads to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is hallmarked by the troublesome lower urinary tract symptoms. The affair responsible for the initiation and promotion of disease is still unresolved, though alpha-blockers and 5α-reductase inhibitors are used as management options for relief from the dynamic and static components respectively.

Method: Combination therapy including both the alpha blocker and 5α-reductase inhibitor is emerging as inclusive parcel for treatment. However, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARM) and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM) are the other management resources, which are in the limelight.

Result: This review gives a glimpse of BPH and the various chemical entities which have been reported in literature till date for the condition since 2005.

Keywords: 5α-reductase inhibitors, alpha-blockers, benign prostatic hyperplasia, SARM, SERM.