Abstract

Integrase interactor 1 (INI1/hSNF5) is a core component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex that alters the structure of chromatin in order to facilitate DNA-dependent cellular processes like transcription, replication, and repair. Integrase interactor 1 (INI1/hSNF5) is a core component of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex that alters the structure of chromatin in order to facilitate DNA-dependent cellular processes like transcription, replication, and repair. INI1/hSNF5 plays an important role in a variety of cellular processes. Inactivation of the Snf5 gene in mice leads to embryonic lethality suggesting a critical role for INI1/hSNF5 in cellular function, viability, and development. Biallelic loss-of-function of INI1/hSNF5 leads to certain cancers, most frequently rhabdoid tumors, demonstrating that INI1/hSNF5 is a tumor suppressor gene. INI1/hSNF5 regulates several essential steps in the propagation of the HIV-1 virus within the host cell, particularly HIV-1 integration. The mode of function of INI1/hSNF5 is only beginning to be understood. Given its importance in the normal functioning of the cell and its association with two diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates, it is imperative that the functions of this protein is delineated in greater detail in order to develop therapeutic interventions in certain cancers and AIDS. In this review, I have summarized the literature of published results on INI1/hSNF5 with emphasis on its molecular organization, role in different cellular pathways and involvement in AIDS and cancer.

Keywords: Chromatin remodeling, HIV-1 integration, HIV-1 replication, INI1, rhabdoid tumors, SNF5, SWI/SNF complex.

Graphical Abstract