Abstract

The aim of this paper was to review the current state of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics mediated by the production of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains. The majority of ESBLs belong to SHV, TEM, and CTX-M and less often to BES, GES, VEB, and PER families, while sometimes the ESBLs cannot be included in any defined family. The review is focusing on the main ESBL types circulating in Romanian hospitals and their association with multi-drug resistance phenotypes. The contribution of proteomics and nanotechnology to the development of novel and accurate diagnosis tools of ESBL-producing Gram-negative, non- fermentative bacilli is highlighted.

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, ESBLs producers, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, β-lactams.

Graphical Abstract