Abstract

Automobiles partly or exclusively powered by electric sources are amongst the top priorities within the automotive industry, mobilizing researchers and engineers among all stakeholders: public laboratories, vehicle and part manufacturers, electricity providers, etc. This paper deals with US, European and world patents regarding batteries and fuel cells for automobiles, mainly passenger cars and light trucks. The main purpose of the article is to provide an overview of the most significant recent advances on the design, control and application of batteries and fuel cells as well as important components of such systems.

Keywords: Automobile, electric battery, electric vehicle, fuel cell, hybrid vehicles, system design.