Abstract

Protein arrays represent a step forward in proteomic technologies, as they enable to address biological and functional questions by large-scale approaches (i.e., up to several thousand proteins may be monitored in a single experiment). Here we review recent achievements of protein arrays and their classification. We also summarize current and future applications of this technology to address the study of the human proteome including protein identification, biomarker discovery, screening of protein-protein/molecule interactions, detection of protein post-translational modifications and serum profiling. Advantages and limitations of protein arrays compared to other proteomic technologies are also discussed here. The use, advances and recent applications of fluorescent microspheres as a promising alternative to planar arrays are also summarized in this report. Finally, we propose future perspectives of protein arrays from a comprehensive standpoint that includes technological, biological, economical and practical aspects.

Keywords: Advantages and limitations of protein arrays, antibody characterization, array classification, cell-free protein synthesis, human proteome, microspheres, nanoparticles, NAPPA, perspectives, protein arrays, proteomics.